Google

This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project

to make the world's books discoverable online.

It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject

to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books

are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover.

Marks, notations and other maiginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the

publisher to a library and finally to you.

Usage guidelines

Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the
public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing tliis resource, we liave taken steps to
prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying.
We also ask that you:

+ Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for
personal, non-commercial purposes.

+ Refrain fivm automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine
translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the
use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.

+ Maintain attributionTht GoogXt "watermark" you see on each file is essential for in forming people about this project and helping them find
additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it.

+ Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just
because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other
countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can't offer guidance on whether any specific use of
any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book's appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner
anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liabili^ can be quite severe.

About Google Book Search

Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers
discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web

at |http: //books .google .com/I

600020302D

F.BIBl. RADCL.

//. v.

/f'Z^I

c.

^H-

i:

ON THE CULTIVATION

OP

THE PLANTS

BELONGING TO THE NATURAL ORDER

PROTEEtE,

WITH

THEIR GENERIC AS WELL AS SPECIFIC CHARACTERS

AND

PLACES WHERE THEY GROW WILD.

JOSEPH KNIGHT,
F.H.S.

1809.

/

TO

GEORGE HIBBERT,

ESQUIRE,

BY WHOM SO MANY OF

THE PLANTS,

NOW FIRST DESCRIBED,

HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED

INTO THIS KINGDOM,

THE FOLLOWING PAGES ARE DEDICATED,

BY

HIS MOST GRATEFUL SERVANT,

THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE.

A celebrated engineer has told us, that it gave hiin much more
trouble, to write his account of the Eddystone Lighthouse, than
to execute the building itself; and the author of the present
work, though on a very different subject, has found himself in a
similar predicament.

To cultivate the plants lately at Clapham, belonging to the Na-
tural Order of Proteea, with some degree of success, of which
the following pages afford the best testimony^ was rendered easy,
not so much by any personal experience, nor by that constant at-
tention to them, which from habit soon became involuntary ; as
by the encouragement of a master, who, treading closely in the
botanical steps of our most gracious King, spared no expense
really necessary to their welfare, and left tlie hands of his servant
unshackled. To describe minutely in words all the particulars of
this management, be found a much more difficult task; and to
have ascertained so many Generic and Specific differences, would
have been quite impossible, if fortunately his labours, Uke those of
the late Mr. Aiton respecting the Hortus Kewensis, had not been
thought worthy the assistance of men more learned than him-
self.

That the work will be candidly received, he presumes to flatter
himself, from the circumstance of a great portion of it, having
been unanimously voted to be printed by the Council of the Hor-

vi PREFACE.

ticultural Society^ but the latter part having excited some jealousy
in a quarter, which it is now unnecessary to mention, the author's
pacific sentiments did not allow him to hesitate one instant, about
withdrawing the whole. With no other patronage therefore than
its intrinsic merit, if it has ititijit, thii^ hi^ first literary production
ventures forth ; though from his master's liberality, >vhich made
the collection at Clapham resemble a public botanic garden, ra*
ther than that of a private individual^, he might bring a host of
witnesses, to the good effects of the management now recom-
mended.

I J ■ • ■ .

As geographers give memoirs of any original naps they publish,
80 the author wishes to ^tate a few particulars, respecting the
arrangement here adopted: this, a more intimate knowledge of
several plants belonging to the Order not yet in our gardens, has
enabled him, he conceives, to improve in the Synopsis and Cfiarac-
teres Generum prefiiced. Firmly believing m the golden axiom
of Links, that Genera are tnily natural, now forming vast
groups exceedingly inconvenient, but not to be separated ; now
so circumscribed in their limits, tiiat in some Orders almost
every, nrirviduad constitutes a Genus; their affinities in this,
have been su^ested to liis mind, from a similarity, \st in their
Sexes : ^dly in their Pericarpiums and Seeds : Sdly in the struc«-
ture of their Petals: ^thiy in their Nectaries : Sthly in their In«-
florescence: Gthly in their Habit: regarding the characters af-
forded by these different parts, of importance, precisely in the
order above enumerated. In tlie disposition of the Species also,
the various parts of the Fructification have invariably been con-
sulted, in preference to the Foliage ; but, cateris paribus^ all
those with similar leaves have been placed together.

Perhaps few works have greater claims to originality than the
present^ not a single line being copied from any other* For the
1

PREFACE. vii

names only of the different Genera, their various authors are
quoted, except those of R. A. Salisbury, Esq. whose ma-
nuscripts have been found so useful in every sheet. Petrophile
is here terminated in e instead of a^ not so much from its being
consonant to the Greek idiom> as because that termination takes
away all ambiguity between phila and phylla. A similar liberty
has been taken with AdenanthoSy by altering the o into e. Bar-
barous names, it is to be regretted^ in defiance of Linne's canon^
are still retained by the highest botanical authority living, Jussieu*
Thinking them inadmiBsibli^ one letter in RoupalOyU, has been left
out, chance then allotting to it, not only a classical^ but very ap-
propriate Greek derivation*

Some new specific names have been proposed, when the old
ones were manifestly absurd, or positively f^lse: but these are
few, and the Synonym being always added, no offence, it is
hoped, will be given to any one, on this head. To avoid swell-
ing the work to an unnecessary bulk^ the Synonyms are
printed in one paragraph ; and for the convenience of those who
are not acquainted with the Latin language, a literal translation
of both the Generic and Specific Characters, has never been
omitted.

King's Road, Chelsea, 1 August ^ 1809

Names i>f Authors of Genera^ abbnmated.

Aubl. Mr. Fus6 Aublet

Berg. Peter Jonas Bergius, M. D.

Burm. John Burman, M. D.

Forst. John Reinhold Forster, LL. D.

Labill. Mr. Jainies Julian Labillardiere.

i. Charles A Li nn6.

R. Br. Mr. Robert Bfown:

Salisb. Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq.

Sm, James Edward Sitiith, M. D.

:' 1

SYNOPSIS GENERUM.

Sect. 1. Flores dioici.

I. Pericarpium l-spermumy nuciformey iignosum^ dcciduum.

Auiax. Berg.
Gissonia. Salts b.
Protca. Z.

2. Pericarpium l-spermum^ samaresforme^ mepibranaceum^ de-
. ciduum.

Euryspermum. Salisb.
Chasme. Salisb.

Sect. 2. Flores hermaphroditi.

1. Pericarpium l-spcrtnum^ evalve^ dcciduum.

Isopogon. R. Br.
Petrophile. R. Br.
Semiria, Burm.
Adenantlies. Labill.
Conospermum. Sm.
Erodendrum. Salisb.
Pleuranthe. Salisb.
Leucadendruni. L.
Diastella. Salisb.
Mimetes. Salisb.

SYNOPSIS GENERUAf.

Paranomus* Salisb.
Soranthe. Satis h.
Spatalla. Salisi.
Brabeium. X.

2. Pcricarpium Z'Spermum, evalve^ deciduum.

Persoonia. Sm.

3* Pcricarpium 'i^pcrmum, irvaPcCy pcrsistcns.

Euplassa. Salisb.
Ropala. Aubl.
Panopsis. Salisb.
Xylomelum* Sm.
Hakea. Schrad.,
Lambertia. Sm.
Josephisu R. Br.
Banksia. L.
Stylurus. Salisb.
Lysanthe. Salisb.
Grevillia. R. Br.

♦. Pcricarpium S-iO-spcrmum, i-Iocularc^ &^ahcy pcrMtcns.

Tricondylus. Salisb.
Cybele. Salisb.
Rymandra. Salish,
Embothrium. ForsK
Hylogyne. Salisb.

CHARACTERES GENERUM

Sect. I. Flores dioici.
1. Pericarpium Uspermum, nuciforme, lignosum^ deeiduum.

AuLAx. Berg. Flores in Spic4 corymbose terminally mascull
longissim4. Bractese faomineorum exteriores multifidie. In*
volucrum mentientes. Frutices : foliis linearibus^ spatula-
tisve. ovuTio^ ; petalis sulco anthtriferis.

GissoNiA. Salisb. Flores in Capitulo terminali. Bractea 1 in-
ter singulos, praeter Involucrum majorum imbricatarum ; fas-^
mineorum lignosas. Frutices : foliis integris, nunc in codem
ramojigurd diversis^ rarissime i-dentatis. yu^trw ; ob involu*
crum imbricaium.

Protea. £. Flores in Capitulo terminali. Bractea 1 inter sin*
guloSy^ gemmaceis parvis suhjectis ; fasmineorum lignosas. Ar^
bores Fruticesve : foliis sapius tortis^ integerrimis. Nome»
poeticum : ob herba faciem diversam.

3. Pericarpium l-spermum^ samaraforme^ fnembranaceum^
deciduum.

EuRTSPERMUH. Salisb. Flores in Capitulo terminali. Brac-
tea 1 inter singulos, gcmraaccis parvis subjectis ; fsemineo-

xii CHARACTERES GENERUM.

rum lignossB : foliis ultimis majoribus^ in plerisque sub fio*
rescentiam ochroleucis. Frutices : foliis sapius tortis, intc
gerrimis. ma^wr, eireqiut; seminibus latis.
Chasme. Salisb. Flores in Capitulo teraiinali. Bractea 1 in-
ter singulos, gemmaceis parvis subjectis ; fsemineorum lig-
nosae^ infra apicein concretae, unde Conus cancellatus. Fru-
tices : foliis ifitegerrimisy nunc in eodetn ramojigurd diversis.
;^a(r|xi) ; ob coni hiatus.

Sect. ii. Flores hermaphroditic

1. Pericarpium l-spermum^ eoahe^ deciduttm.

IfOFOGON. J?. Br. Flores in Capitulo sessili^ terminali. Brae-
tea 1 inter singulos, squamaceas ; gemmaceis vix ullis. Pe-
tala regularia, ultra bracteas in tubum coalita. Pericarpium
nuciforme, undique barbatum. Stylus caducus. Frutices :
foliis simplicibus decompositisque. i«-o(r, vtoyant ; barbd peri-
carpii aquali^

Petrophile. jR. Br. Flores in Capitulo terminali, minoribus-
que saepe ex ultimis axillis* Bractea I inter singulos, squa-
maceas; gemmaceis mdlis. Petala regularia^ libera. Peri-
carpium nuciforme, latere superioie rim& melliferum ? ad oras
barbatum. Stilus diu vegetusi. Frutex: foliis decompositis.
irer^ofTy ^iXt) ; lods petrosis gaudens.

Sereuria. Burm. Flores in Capitulo l-rio, paniculatisve, ter-
minalibus. Bractea 1 inter singulos, membranacea^ ; praster
gemmaceas, nunc amplas. Petala secunda, basi cohasrentia.
Pericarpium ventricosunv membranaceum. Frutices : foliis

CHARACTERBS GENERDM. sUii

decompositisy dLv unquam omnibus simpliciius, sape gtandu^
ligeris. In honorem Johannis Serrurier, M. D. B(h
tanker Prqfessoris Ultrajecti.

Adenanthes, LahilL Flores l-rii; in Capitulis axillaribas ter-
minalibusque, Braeteas 6-12, in Involucrum imbricatas,
aquamacese; pra&ter 2-3 ad basin p6dunculi. Petala ventri-
cosula, Mpeme varie libera ; antico angustiore, nunc aterili^
Frutices : foliU integris^ decompositisquc. oSijy, 0^600- ; nec-
tar Us glandulosU. Pericarpium gravidum non vidi

CoNOSPERifUM. Sm. Flores in Spic& paniculate e summis ax*
illis. Bractea 1 ad singulos, squamaceas. Petala in utceo-
lum coalita; limbo irregularis fere Orchidis. Filamentum
doTsale antherigerum, lateralia ^-at^erigera, antrcum castra*
turn. Pericarpium turbinatum, barbatum. Fruticuiii foliU
simplicibus^ j(wpwr, <nteqiMt ; ob semen turbinatum,

Erodekdrum. Salhb. Flores in Capitula terminali. Bractea
1 inter singulos, prarter Invohicrum^ amplamln saeprus colora*
tarum, rigida^, Petala in Labia 2, apice erecta, antico an-
gusto, cohaerentia. Pericarpium fusiforme,, barbatum* Ar-
bores Fruticesve : foliis perangustis laiissimisvey integerrimisr
nuncresupinaih^ s^axr, SevS^oi^; genus omnium in deliciis.

PiEURANTHE. Salish. Florcs in Capitulis e vetusto caule latent*
libus. Petalorum Labia apice deflexa. Caetera ut in Eroden-
dro. Frutices humiles : foliis perangustis tatissimisw^ inte-
ger riviis^ TrXsuga, as^W; JloHbus later alibus^

LEUCADfcNDRtJM. Z. Florcs in Capitulo 1, pluribusve glomera-*
tis, terminalibus. Bractea 1 inter singulos, gemmaceis sub*
jectis, rigidae. Petala in Labium 1>2, apice deflexa, antico
angusto> cohasrentia. Pericarpium utriculare,. pergamineum.
Frutices r foliis simplicibus, apice sapius dentatis. Xtti;i^or^
SevSgov ; herbd in omnibus detectis pallidA.

xiv CHARACTER ES GENBRUM.

DiASYELtA. $alUh. Floies in Capitulo terminali. Bractea 1 in-
ter singulos^ prseter Involucrum majoruni| rigidce. Petala vix
irregulariai apice erectai baai cohcerentia. Pcricarpium ut in
Leucadeixdro. Frutict^: folm simpiicibu^t rarius apice ikn^
tatis. hoLa'Ti7\.'Kco ; petalis profunda discreth,

MiM£T£s. Salisb., Flores in Capitulis sessilibus^ axillaribus.
Bractea 1 inter ainguloa, praeter Involucrum majorumi mem-
branacese : folio subjecto nunc basi ampliato. Petala apice
deflexa, basi cohterentia. Pcricarpium ut in Leucadcndro.
Frutices uiiginosi ; Jfoliis simplicibus^ nunc apice dentath.
ILilMjTTic ; herbd varia genera simulante.

Paranohus. SalUb. Plores 4-ni; in Spic& nunc densissimll»
torminali. Bracte* 4 singulos fksciculos cingentes, rigidce;
prseter 5-tam ad basin. Petala regularia, basi coha^rentia.
Pcricarpium ut in Leucadendro, Frutices monticola : folii^
simplicibus^ decompoifithgue^ nunc in eodem ramo. woj^o^ vofxo^ ;
kerbdf in/lorescentid, bract ei^^ Uigmate^ mire anomalis,

SoEANTHE. Saliib. Flores 4-1 confertim sparsi ; in Spic& com-
posite terminalii ramis nunc vix exsertis. Bractea? tot quot
floresi rigidse , pra^ter 1 supra basin ramorum» gemmaceasque
infra spicam. Petala vix irregularia, basi coha^rentia. Pcricar-
pium gigartoideum, lapideum. Frutices : Joliis simplicibus^
in plerisgue angustissimis. trto^wr^ aiAw ; Jloribus cumulatis.

Spatalla. Salisb. Flores 4-1-ni ; in Spicsl composite terminaji,
ramis nunc brevissimis« Bracteae4 ad singulos fasciculosi an-
tic4 minore^ membranaceas; pra^ter 5-tam ad basin rami, gem-
maccis raro uUis. Petala basi coba^rentia, dorsali latiore. Pc-
ricarpium utriculare, membranaceum. Frutices : foliis simpU-
cibus, angustissimis. ayraraT^ouo ; stigmate valde unguentato.

Bhabeium. Z. Flores 2-ni; in Spicis longis axillaribus. Brac-
tea 1 ad singula paria, caducae; gemmaceis aliis nuUis. Petala

CHARACTERES GENBRUM. %$

reguiaria^ libera* Filamenta basi petalorum inserta^ Kbera.
Nectarium 4-fidtim. Pericarpium clrupaceum. Frutex: foliU
Thti^lmiBUl^wptkiUatU^ dcntahs^ oh ramos sceptri-

fomus* . ' •

* •

t, Pericarpium Srspermumy wahe^ decSiuam.

« •

^ ■ ■ •• • .:•!

PEasooNiA. Sm^ Flores 1-7; in, Spicis ad basin ramorum no*
vorum axillaribua. Bractes in l-flp^isi nuU^s; in 2-7-florift^
ad singulps l^-riasj, squamaces. Petala.yi^.regularia inferior!-^
bus gibbosioribus : limbo longissimo. Nectaria 4, subconica.
Pericarpium dnipaceum. Frutices foliis simplieibus. In hono-
rem summi Botaniciy Christian i H£N&i€i Pebsook.

/• ■

. 1 t

X ^tricarpium i'^p^fmumj 3r^Mh>e^ persistens^

• . ■' ■ • ■ •

Eu^LASSA. Sdlish. Flores S-ni ; in S^picis longis ad basin ramo-
rum novorihri axillaribus. Bractea 1 ad singula paria, caducse ;
gemmaceis aliis nuUis. Petala secunda, libera. Anthera^ lim-
bo subsessiles. Nectarium annulare basi 4-lob&* Pericarpium
I*locularei Frutex : foliis abrupte pinnatis t tu, itkaur^m ;
herbA Leguminosas simulante. Fructum gravidum non mdi.

RopALA. Aubl. Flores ST-ni ; in Spicis longis axilTaribus. Brac-
tea 1 ad singula paria, cadticse ; gemmaceis aliis nullis. Petala
Kgulariay libera. Filamenta ad apicem unguium inserta. Nee*
tarium profunde 4*fidum. Pericarpium leguminiforme, l-lo*
culare. Semina undique alata, Frutices : fotiis simplicibus^ im--

^1 CHARACTERES 6ENERITM.

pari^pinnatisque in eodcm ramo^ nunc dentatis. ^ntOM; $tig-
mate clmato.

Pavopsis. SalisB; Fknes 2*m; in Spici verticiltatiin raino8&
terminali. Bractea 1 ad singula paria, caducs; gemmaceis
aliis nulli*. Petala reguiaria, libera. Filamenta ad medium
unguium inserta. Nectarium vaginseforme, eroso-dentatum.
Pericarpium 1-loculace. Frutex : folii$ grandihn^ verticilla''
tis, integerrinui. xwr^ m^ ; partibus undique spectantiius.

Xylomelum. Sm. Flores 2-ni; in Spicii longissimis, ad basin
ramorum novorum axillaribus. Bractea 1 ad singula paria^
decidual; gemmaceis aliis nullis. Petala regularia, libera.
Nectaria4| condyliformia. Pericalpium pyriforme, l-loculare^
lignosum. Semina apice alata. Frutex : foliU sapius oppositisy
integerrimiiy spinulose dentatisque. ^"Xm^y [iifpim^ ; ob fructum
pyriformemy lignoium. * '

Haxea. Schrad, Flores 2-ni: in Spicis brevissimis axillaribus.
Bractea 1 ad singula paria, caducse ; gemmaceis aliis nullis.
Petala secunda absque barb4 tiitM) libera. Nectarium 1, lu-
natum. Pericarpium et Semina ut in Xylomelo. Frutices: fo-
liii iimplic'ibus decompositisvCy nunc teretibus apieeque spinosis.
In honorem Baronis Christiani Ludovici Hake, Botani*
cc$ fautoris.

Lambertia. Sm. Flores in Capitulo terminali. Bractese nu-
merosa^, in Involucrum imbricats, deciduse: nullis floribus
interstinctis. Petala vix regularia inferioribus gibbosiQrtbus.
Nectari um vagina^formc, erosum • Pericarpium ut in Xyhmc-
lo. Semina uodique alata. Frutices : foliis sapius S-nis, apice
spinosis. In honorem Aylmeri Bourke ^hbert, Armigeri,^
Botanices acerrimi Promotoris.

JoSEPHiA. R. Br. Flores in Capitulo terminali. Bractea nu-
merossDi in Involucrum imbricata^, persistentes : nullis flori-

CHAAACT£RES GENERUM.

bus interetinctis. Cxtera ut in Banksia, Frutices: foliis
simplicibus, in pierisque spinutvsc dentatis. Genus nomine
Christiana illustrissimi Banks condecoratum,

Bai^ksia. L. Flores 2-ni; in Spic^ densissim^ terminali.
Bracte^ 3 ad singula paria, pixter gemmaceas parvas,
persistentes. Petala irregularia, iofeme cohajreutia. Pericar-
,, pium conchaefonne, £-loculare septo £-lameilari dissilis/ite,
lignosum. Seininaapicealata. Arbores ^ruticesve : foim varic
inciso'dentatis, rarius integer rimis. M^cenatis tuiofoi, no-
mine paterno hoc genus siiperbit.

Sttlurus. Salisb. Flores 2-ni; in Spicfl glomerate, terimnati.
Bractea 1 ad singula paria, cadocffi ; gemmaceis aliis nulUs.
Petala aecunda, a pericarpio iutus barbata, limbo cobajrentia.
Nectarium 1, iunatum. Pericarpium 1 eg umini forme, I-locu-
, lare, lignosum. Stigma doiso caudatum. Semina apice alata
lateribus iuvolutis. Frutices : foliis simplicibus, iaiis. oruXo^
Mgoir; stylo caudato,

X.YSANTHE. Salisb. Flores fi-ni; in SpicA secundi, nunc den-
sissimii, terminali. Petala secunda ad pericarpium inttia bar-
bata, inde libera. Pericarpium foilitbrme, membranaceum.
Stigma ccaudatum. detera ut in Styluro. Frulices: foliis
simplicibus, angustissimis lalisve, nunc 3-nervibus. Xooi, olv^wj-;
petalis ultra pericarpium iiberis.

Grevii-lia. R. Br. Flores 2-nj ; in SpicA longd, nunc densis-
simil terminali. Bractea 1 ad singula paria, caduc^; gemma-
ceis aliis nullia. Petala. secunda absque barbA intus, su-
perne libera. Nectarium 1, Iunatum margine nunc eroso.
Pericaipinm leguminifornie, 1-loculare, lignosum. Semlna
undique alata. Frutices: foliis simplicibus decompasitisque,
nunc Fiticum (Emitlis. In honortm hctt defuncti NobiUs Ca-
ROLi Gbeville- Botaiiices fautoris.

xvjii CHARACTERES 6ENERUM.

4. Pericarpium 5-20 spermumj l-locularfj i-wthe^ persistent.

Tricoih BY LV B. Salisb. Flores 2-ni; in Spici terminali axil-
*iaribusque. Bractea 1 ad singula paria, caduca^; gemmaceis
altis nullis. Petala secunda, libenu Nectaria 3, condylifor-
mia. Pericarpium foUiforme, membranaceum. Seminaapice
alata. Frutices : Joliis stepius decampositis. r^tior, jpm^T^mr ;
ncctariis 3 condylifarmibus.

Cr BELIE. Salisb. Flores 2-ni; in Umbellis paucifloris axillari-
bus. Bractea 1 ad singula paria, decidus ; genunaceis nullis.
Petala secunda, libera. Nectarium 1^ lunatum. Pericar-
pium leguminiforme, membranaceum. Semina apice alata.
Frutex : foliis Loranthi, glaucis. Nomen poeticum ; limbo ante
anthesin coronam muralem referente.

Rthandra. Salisb. Flores 2-ni ; in spicis ad basin ramorum
axillaribus^ folio subjecto nunc delapso. Bractea 1 ad sin-
gula paria, caducas ; gfcmmaceis aliis nullis. Petala regularia,
libera. Nectaria 4, squamacea. Pericarpium folliforme, lig-
nosum. Semina apice alata. Arbor excelsa : foliis Myricas
deniatis. qt^fuoa-y ay)]^ ; antheris temonem referentibus.

Embothrium. For St. Flores 2-ni; in Spic& densft terminali.
Bractea 1 ad singula paria, decidual, gemmaceis aliis nullis.
Petala s^cunda, supra basin spatio brevi cohasrentia. Necta-
rium 1 9 lunatum. Castera ut in Rymandrd. Frutex : foliis
Rhododendri, integerrimis : stipulis multis gemmaceis sub-
jeftis. i¥, oOpioy ; antheris limbo petalorum.

CHARACTERES GENERIJM. xtx

Hylootne. Salisb. Flores 2-ni ; in Spic& densissimsi termi*
nali, Bractea 1 ad singula paria, deciduse; gemmaceis majori-
bus subjectis. Petala secunda, usque ad limbum pneter fis-
suram anticam cohasrentia. Nectarium 1, lunatum. Pericar-
pium et Semina ut in Embothrio. Frutices: ramis paucis
erectis: foliis simplicibus integerrimis sinuatthdentatisque.
\iK% Tuyij; pistillo toto in lignum convcrso.

. I I

.1 • .

:('

. (

ON THE CULTIVATION OP

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^.

The genus of Fro/M, a3 it is left in the work of tliat inde-
fatigable traveller, Professor Thunbekg, contains 6o species,
25 of which he himself discovered, and all which he probably saw
growing wild at the Cape of Good Hope : these he described after
hisreturn to £u?*o^e, from dried specimens, but itraustbeconfessed
very imperfectly ; nevertheless his 8peci6c differences have been
copied, almost word for word, by Professor Willdenow. In the
Chelsea garden, sti!l containing many venerable relics of Philip
Miller's labours, only 3 species had been cultivated previous to
the year 1770, about which time several were raised in his Ma-
jesty's garden at Kew, from seeds collected by the late Mr.
Francis Masson ; and a still greater number both of known
and unknouTi species, have since been collected by Mr. James
NiVEN, many of which have at length flowered in this country,
and no where more luxuriantly, than in the collection of my late
master. George Hibbeet, Esq. at Clapham, by whose liberality
most of them are now in my possession.

Besides these treasures, our gardens have been enriched with
various plants allied to them from A'i-'W Holland, which being
often singular in their foliage, are sought for with avidity by
most collectors; and their fructifications being now better un-
derstood from ftu examination of living specimens, it appears

fi ON THE CULTIVATIO'N OF

that they constitute many genera, some of which, as Dr. Sims
observes, are already accurately defined, by the author of the
Paradisus Londinemis. His names, with those of other scientific
botanists, will therefore be adopted, in the following detail of
the method of cultivating this tribe of plants, which succeeded
60 well at Clapham; and I shall feel very proud, if from the hints
now given, they are preserved longer, or rendered more plentiful
among us.

As in all cases, it is the business of an intelligent gardener, to
imitate nature, as far as may be practicable, the soil and parti-
cular situation^ in which each species grows wild, has never been
omitted, when it could be ascertained ; many delighting in dry
rocky places, while others will not thrive without richer and more
loamy earth ; some again require schist, and several a great portion
of sand.

To avoid repetitions, the general method of treating the whole
Natural Order is first given, any exceptions tp this, or other ne-
cessary remarks, being inserted under the respective species to
which they apply. In enumerating them moreover, anxious to
find out distinctions that might be useful to an unlearned gar-
dener, rather than to the scientific botanist, their generic and spe-
cific characters have in no instance been drawn up, on the mere
authority of preceding writers, or without examining the plants
themselves ; neither are they arranged systematically, but accprd-
ing to the natural affinity, which in my humble opinion^ they have
to each other.

The Soil in which I have found at least two thir<Js of these plants
succeed, is a light soapy loam, mixed with a greater or less propor-
tion of sand. Chuse a spot that has never been pared or burnt,
especially on, higher ground not inundated in wet seasons ; and in
digging the earth, only take from 5 to 6 inches of the top, includ-

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PHOTES.M. 9

ing the turf. Let this earth be laid in heaps, in some dry airy
part of the premises, placing the turf downwards :' in 6 months,
(or if longer the better,) it will be fit for use. To prepare it for
sowing seeds, or potting, it is necessary to pass it through a sieve ;
that for seeds, and small young plants, should have meshes, or
openings, about g:th of au inch diameter ; hut that for larger
plants, may have openings j an inch diameter.

The pots in which vegetables ought to be cultivated, not even
excepting some aquatics, should neither be baked very soft, nor
very hard ; the former are of short duration, unsafe to carry about,
and preserve valuable plants in, being so liable to break ; the lat-
ter being less porous, often retain moisture, and exclude tlic air
so completely, as to render a plant unhealthy, if uot actually kill'
it. The roots of many spti;ies in this Order, delight to fintcr the
veins and cracks of rocks, in search of moisture; which may with
little trouble be imitated at the time of potting, by placing among
the eartii, large pieces of broken pots, or sand-stone, free from
Lichens and Mosses. These large broken pieces, besides the
usual drainage, will also prove beneficial, in carrying off any su-
perabundant moisture, from injudicious watering, or heavy ;ind
continued rains : nor will they he found less useful in very dry
summers ; for these hard yet porous sul)stances, retain a kindly
moisture when covered with eartli, a much longer time than the
earth alone would ; consequently the small fibres which cling to
them, receive nourishment in much the same way, that nature
aflbrds her liberal assistance, where they grow wild.

Old pots should never on any account be used, unless previously
well washed and scrubbed with a brush inside and outside, after
which they must remain till thoroughly dry ; for by use, theirpores
become so obstructed with Conferva, and other minute vegetables,
as to be very injurious to plants growing in them, it is also a point
worth attending to, especially in extensive collections, to keep all

4 ON THE CULTIVATION OP

pots not in use under cover ; for by being exposed to the open aifi
they are soon covered with millions of flying seeds of cryptogam
mous plants, which vegetate the instant, that the pots are moistened.

In the neighbourhood of London^ garden pots are made of two
shapes, and denominations, viz. upright ^jiA flats : they are boM
in casts of the following numbers, 60, 48, 38, 84, 16, 18, 8, 4», 8,
besides extra sizes : each cast is the same price, and of the cast 60,
three sorts are made ; thumb 60s, small 60s, large 60$.

When you prepare a pot fw me, first place a piece of hollow
broken garden pot, with its concave side downwards, over tbp
hole in the bottom ; I object to an Oyster skeli^ though i^ver sa
hollow, it being hard, and less porous than unglazed earthem
ware. Then proceed to drain it jpprc oBPpotually, by filling
it about a third part with smaller pieces of broken tiles or pots.
In making these drainings, they should be shaken in a sieve, tp
take out all the smaller pieces, as well as dust ; and by using sieves
of different meshes, two or three sorts of drainings suitable to
different sized pots, will be obtained with little trouble: for th^y.
require to be cftbctually drained, even when planted in the smal-
lest 60s. The cciarse riddlings of the earth in which they are
pottc<l, may be used as drainings for very large plants ; such refuse
is also particularly proper for those species, that require more
mi^isture than others, which the flagging of their leaves in hot
sunshine always indicates.

For sowing sceds^ the pots czlled flats are most suitable, of the
rasts 40 or 38. After draining these, fill them up to about an inch
and a tuilf bellow iiie top, with moderately fine sifted soil^ upon
which ttdd about an inch of still finer sifted mould. Th^n xnake the
surfacr quite even, with a piece of lath bent, which should be used
likr a Plastcrcr*s trowel. Observe carefully how<v£u* to leave
tlic earth as light as possible.

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTELTi. 6

The best season for sowing seeds is from Dtcember to March,
as they will then produce strong plants before the following win-
ter; but it is by no means intended to say, that they will not suc-
ceed at other periods, and it is a common practice with most gar-
deners on the receipt of fresh seeds, to make trial with a few,
whenever tliey atrive. If sown in the latter end of summer, or n»
autumn, the young plants will require a particularly favourable ex-
posure, and dry shelf that receives all the raysof tliesunduringwin-
ter, otherwise they will too frequently become sickly, and damp off.

In this Natural Order, we find fruits and seeds, of very differ-
ent sizes as well as shapes, but fortunately they are so similar in
species of the same genus, that a gaiilener who is not learned in
botany, after having seen one of each, may have a tolerable guess,
at the genus of any new ones, he receives from abroad. In sowing
them, much must be left to the discretion of the gardener ; gene-
rally they ought not to be buried deeper than half an inch in the
earth, nor closer to each other, tliaa from a quarter of au inch to
an inch, according to their size ; taking sjiecial care to place them
regularly near the edge of the pot, where the circle is largest;
for there if any where they will certainly succeed, not only often
vegetating sooner, but thriving better after they do vegetate than
in the middle, probably in couscqucuce of air and moisture there
percolating more freely. After the seeds are sown, water the
earth gently through an exceedingly fine rose, so as not to dis-
turb its equality of surface, and let it he given very sparingly at
first, as hasty watering upon fresh sifted mould generally occasions
the surface to cake, then place the pots level upon the stage of a
green-house exposed to the full sun. At night, and in wet weather,
cover them with strong brown paper, to prevent drops of water
from the roof making holes in the mould, which however should
at all times be kept moderately moist ; also, let all those sown
between May, and September, be so shaded as to be quite in dark-
ness from about 6 o'clock p. m. to the same Iiour a. m., for in our

6 ON TH E CULTIVATION OF

long days of summer, too much light and heat prevents many seeds
from sprouting kindly.

Some of those seeds \vhich are covered with hard shells, such as
Protea Argefitea and others, do not always vegetate the first year
after sowing; on the contrary, an instance has been known of a bag. '
of seeds furnishing a succession of young plants for many years, and'
it is hoped that the particulars of this curious circumstance, may be
in some degree amusing. Nearly twenty years ago a respectable
friend of mine, had the good fortune to obtain about a quart of
the seeds of Protea Argentea^ which had been procured at Cdpe
Town^ by a trading Captain, to feed the turkies, on board his
ship ; part of these were sown in two pots, and in order to for-
ward the growth of the seeds, one pot was placed in a hotbed,
with cucumbers, where it remained during summer, without the
least signs of growth in the seeds ; the other pot was placed in a
cool situation, where several plants made their appearance, and
became tojerably strong by the autumn, when in transplanting the '
plants, the remaining seeds appeared fresh as when first sown, and
on examining those sown in the hotbed, they proved the same, which
gave cause to the whole being washed and carefully preserved un-
til the following spring, when they were again sown and placed in.
a cool situation : more plaut» made their appearance during
summer, but as the ^seeds did not all vegetate, they were again
examined, and being found fresh, they were washed, and pre-
served as before : thus with a few additional ones, an annual sowing
was continued, and a regular supply of young plants obtained, for
many succeeding years j and the experiment shews, that those hard
shelled seeds may be preserved for many years, and should never
be thrown away, without previously examining them with care ;
but I think the whole family have a great dislike to be sown in
artificial heat.

Tl^ese seedling pats must , have air admitted freely, when it is

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE, 7

not frosty, more or less according to the external temperature of
the atmosphere. In Maif, June, and July, after the plants appear,
it will be necessary to shade them from the hottest rays of the
sun daring the middle of the day ; in very brilliant days, from 10
o'clock a. t/i. to 4 o'clock, p. tn. ; but as the sun declines in height,
and the plants gain strength, expose them fully, both to air and
sun, at all times,

I believe the best time to transplant the seedlings, is as soon
as their cotyledons are fully gro\vn, and the future stem beginning
to elongate ; for they have then few or no fibres attached to the
tap-root, nor have I ever found them checked by this early re-
moval : it shouhl unquestionably never be delayed later, than
when they are from an inch to two inches high, potting them
singly into small 60s, and taking great care, not to break any la-
teral fibres they have then made : this operation should also be
performed in a close shed where the wind does not blow, watering
small parcels tfigether through a fine rose as you proceed, and
when all are finished, place them in such a frame as is used for
Cucumbers and Melo7is. Keep tbem rather close, as Mell as
shaded with a thin mat when the sun shines, for a week ur ten
days, until they have struck fresh root, after which they must be
gradually exposed to the open air.

About the end of September or beginning of October, according
to the mildness of the autumn, the plants should be cleaned and
moved into their winter quarters, which, both for those transplanted,
or any sown later remaining in seed pots, should be the most light
and airy part of the greenhouse. Look them over every morning
between 9 and 10 o'clock, watering such as stand in need ; at this
season it should be done, by pouring the water gently upon the
earth near the edge of the pot, so as not to wet tln'ir stems and
leaves more than can be avoided. Whenever dead leaves or
branches appear, let them be removed, keeping the surface of the

$ ON THE CULTIVATION OF .

earth at all times free from Motset^ which are the most pemiciom of
all weeds to many of these plants, especially when they attach to
the base of their stems.

Air is indispensably necessary for them at all ages : after they
are housed in autumn, if the weather continue temperate, admit
it both day and night, by keeping off the glasses entirely, or in
large houses all the windows and doors open. When there is any
appearance of frost however, shut up the frames and houses, early
or lat6 in the afternoon, according to the degree of cold, opening
them the following morning, te soon as the temperature rises to
36 degrees of Fahrenheifs thermometer. In the depth of win-
ter, when the frost is intense, cover the frames with mat, as well
as the houses where it c^n be done conveniently ; and by the
help of fireheat, keep the temperature within, as near as may be
to 34 degrees of Fahrenheit^ during the night. It should never
be higher than this in frdsty weather during the night, for though
it is not adviseable to let the temperature sink lower, very few of
these plants will be injured, by occasionally experiencing^ 32 de*
grees of cold at that season : as these plants in general in their na^
tivc state are subject to great violence of winds, particulifirly those
that are inhabitants of mountains, which may in ^neral be
known by their robust and tree like habit, they should all be
placed, so that the wind can circulate freely, not only amongst
the branches^ but also tuund the stems and pots, which in my
bpinion is of the utmost consequence to pres^enx health in the
plants; and by close attention, I have often fancied an improved
appearance betwceb morning and evening, after a full exposure
to a brisk wind during the daytime.

In one of the largest aiid most healthy collections of Cape and
New HMand plants in this country, exposed on a bleak hill, the
temperature of the prisc^al Ikiiisei -during the months of Decern^
ber, lanMrtfy and E^rwOry^, waa always suilbf ed to wrk to 38 de-

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. d

grees of Fahrenheit duriDg the night, if the externa] air was so
cold ; yet none of the plants usually kept in green houses suffer-
ed by it, and the plan there pursued, for sixteen winters, was never
Co permit a plant to gi'ow at all during that season, if it could be
prevented ; bringing them out in spring, as nearly as possible
with the same foliage, which they had when housed in autumn.

In training and pruning these plants, the knife must be used
with caution; as they advance in stature, such as are weak or
straggling, ought to have the principal stem neatly tied up to a
•tick, and when they are from two to three feet high, by cut-
ting off the tender branches, they may be formed into narrow or
spreading heads, according to the taste or caprice of the owner.
At Clapham, they were generally left to assume their natural
direction and form ; only removing any very luxuriant branches,
when ill placed, before they became old and woody. Nothing
injures these plants more than crowding them close together ; and
I cannot avoid the hazard of giving offence to some of my best
friends, by saying, that in many collections about London, both
i large and small, the wisest thing the owners could do, would be
to order a third part of their plants, to be cut into faggots, for
lighting the fire, of the greenhouse, in frosty weather.

A large portion of water is necessary for most of these plants
in dry seasons ; and it should if possible be such, as has been
exposed to the sun and air, several days. In the excessi%-ely hot
weeks of summer, give it them every evening about sunset, so
as to soak the whole pot thoroughly, but in such weather, never
apply it in the middle of the day, if it can be avoided ; for I have
seen plants killed by watering them, when the earth and pot were
in all probability, at that instant heated by the sun, to more than
lOOdegreesof FaArcHAciV. If by accidental neglect of watering the
preceding evening, any plant is discovered (lagging so much in the

10 ' ON THE CULTIVATION OF

middle of the day, as to risk the loss of its life, or foliage, the best
method is to remove it into the shade for a few minutes, and then
refresh it with water already warmed by the sun. In extremely
hot and dry days, it conduces greatly to the health of most plants,
after the general watering is finished, to sprinkle their whole
foliage through a very fine rose, imitating the natural dew ; espe-
cially when the garden is situated in a very dry soil, or upon a
hill; for in such situations frequently no dew whatever falls,
when there is a very heavy one near lakes, or in valleys : in the
winter season, the sun having but little power, the plants will re-
quire a much less portion of water, but when necessary they
should have sufficient to soak the earth thoroughly, which should
be given to them in the early part of the day, and with great care
not to wet the leaves and plants at that period of the year, more
than can be avoided.

The properest season for shifting these plants, into larger pots
is from March to May. I prefer the end of the former mo^th,
as they will have begun to make fresh roots, by the time they
are removed into the open air, sujQTering less from violent winds
and heavy rains during summer. The precise time to be preferred
indeed, is just when the buds begin to swell, which in nine tenths of
the collection, will be, as above mentioned, from March to May :
this operation ought to be performed annually, but not oftener,
changing them into pots, only one size larger. Abstain generally
from cutting or injuring the roots, only removing any dead parts
or fibres ; and if a plant has not completely filled the pot with
roots, replant it in a clean one of the same size, for nothing is
more fatal to such as are not growing vigorously, than a very large
pot.

Cuttings of most of these plants, push out roots easily, but
some with more difficulty. To succeed with the latter, it is
necessary to use pure sand, and to be provided with Bellglasses^

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. ' n

which fit the pots intended to be used, exactly. It requiiei more
skill to know, when and which part of a branch will sooneststrike
' root, than almost any other part of their management, nor is it
' possible perhaps to lay down any other general rule, than that the
branch should be well ripened: after that I believe, the sooner
it is taken off the better. When the parent plant is dying at the
root, or damping off near the bottom, which many of these plants
are subject to, when least expected, the ends of its branches
will frequently all succeed, as I have already experienced in
Leucadendrum Hypophyllum, and others. I can only account for
this, from the state of rest and inactivity that the branches had
been thrown into ; the descending sap imbibed by the leaves,
being arrested, and overflowing in those parts of the stem yet Uv-
ing, so 35 to heal over the wound more rapidly, and form that cal-
losity at the bottom of the cutting, from which the young fibres
commonly first issue. The leaves of all cuttings should be taken
off with a sharp knife as far as the cutting is meant to be planted
in the sand, taking care not to bruise or tear the bark, and to cut
the bottom perfectly even, just under the insertion of a leaf Con-
trary to the practice in sowing seeds, I think it is of great im-
portance to press the sand in the pot very firmly down upon
the drainings. After marking the dimensions of the Bellglass
upon the sand, then proceed to plant the cuttings with a small
blunt dibble, just so deep, that its base may rest solid without
the smallest hollow under it, finishing one at a time, by pressing
the sand firmly round it. M'hen all you intend to plant in one
pot are finished, give a moderate watering, and as soon as the
leaves of the cuttings are dry, place the Bellglass firmly over
them.

In general, cuttings of Proieas have not succeeded; but, after
repeated experiments, I am of opinion, that the failure has been
occasioned by stripping off, or shortening, the leaves : and 1 have

ON THE CULTIVATION OF

found, that, if tlie leaves are only taken off from the part which
is inserted in tlie earth, and those left uninjured which are above
the surface, the cliances arc in favour of their striking root ; while
the contrary is the case, where the whole of the leaves are taken
away, or shortened.

If cuttings are judiciously chosen, they will succeed in various
situations ; such as are taken off in spring, will do well, in general,
cither in, a warm part of the greenhouse, or in cucumber heat;
those taken off in summer, may he placed in frames, either with
or without artificial heat, especially in close warm aspects, shad-
ing them with a thin mat, when the sun is powerful ; those cut-
tings taken off in autumn, or winter, should be placed on elevated
shelves, in the hothouse. From time to time, as the Bellglasses
become foul, wipe them clean, taking the opportunity to do this
always when they are moved for watering, so as not to disturb
the cuttings unnecessarily. If any die, or become mouldy, re-
move them instantly, for their contagion would spread rapidly.

In the time required for sending out roots, different species
vary exceedingly : .some are furnished with fibres in two or three
months, while others, especially the hard-wooded species, require
six, nine, or twelve months, nay from this period, even to two
years: but, whenever the fibres begin to issue, it will be visible
in the cheerfulness, and deep verdure of the leaves, or by their
buds swelling; and as soon as a fresh shoot pushes, the Bellglass
must be raised by degrees, and at length entirely removed, hard-
ening the cuttings to the full air; after which they ought to be
treated like seedlings.

Many species of this tribe of plants,, ripened seeds at Clapham ;
but I was careftil to promote their impregnation, by repeatedly
rubbing Pollen upon the Stigma, and exposing their tlovters as

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEE. 19

much as possible to the tun, never sufTering any wet to fall upon
them at this period ; nor have I any doubt that most of these
plants, if not all, by attention on the gardener's part at the cri-
tical time, when the stigma exudes its viscous liquid, may be
made to ripen seeds with us. lu the hermaphrodite genera of
Paranomus, Ez-odendrum, and Serruria, some species afford them
annually without any care at all.

With respect to their diseases, I have only observed one, but
that is too often fatal. It commonly appears towards the end of
summer, and in the autumn, mostly attacking the largest and
healthiest plants. This gangrene, if I may use the tenn, always
begins in that part of the stem near the root, and with close at-
tention may be soon discovered, as the diseased part immediately
changes colour. The only remedy I yet know, is to cutaway
all that is discoloured, not leaving the smallest unsound speck,
and paring the wound quite smooth ; then clote it up with graft-
Ing clay, under which lay a sufficient quantity of dry wood or
bone ashes to dry up the moisture of the wound, and then press
the clay tight to prevent any water flowing towards the stem till
a new bark is deposited over the wound. I am unable to assign
any cause for this disorder, except it is the effect of hot sunshine
immediately succeeding heavy thunder showers, at which time
the bark may probably be scalded near the surface of the earth,
which is the place the disorder generally hrst appears in, and
which makes rapid progress.

In dividing the Natural Order of Pro/ectf, into genera, those
who are more learned tlian myself, think that the Inflorescence
is of primary consequence, Touhnefort, Boerhaave, and most
botanists who lived before Linne, had no scruples in employing
it: but, though the last named immortal naturalist made a law,
always to exclude tofloresceDce from geoeiic characters, he was

u

ON THE CULTIVATION OF

[^tt/ffX.

nevertheless often forced to admit it himself ; and this he managed
with great cunning, by calling the Umbel j Catkin^ Spathe, Sec. of
vegetables, which are only different sorts of Inflorescence, a Ca*
lyx. Among modern writers, I believe that Mr. R. A. Salisbury
first dared publicly to dissent from the abovementioned canon of
LiNNE, asserting not merely the utility but absolute necessity, of
employing the Inflorescence in many Natural Orders; and it must
be confessed that such generic distinctions are peculiarly useful
to working gardeners, being always obvious if a plant flowers at
all, as well as intelligible to the poorest capacity : in this point,
accordingly, he has at length been followed by other eminent bo-
tanists. Next to the Inflorescence, the various modifications of
the Fruit, and Seeds, as they are in many species unphilosophi-
cally denominated, seem to afford the best generic distinctions,
in Proteea. As for their habit, no certain guess at the genus of
an unknown species can be deduced from it ; for this sometimes
differs amazingly, not only in the same genus, but in individuals
of the same species, and several are found with leaves, of very
different shapes, growing at the same time upon one branch.

Sect. !• Flares dioicL

AuLAx. Berg.

Flores in Spicis terminalibus,
plus minus corymbosis. Bracteal
inter singulos; fasmineorum ex-
terioribusmultifldis, Involucrum
mentientibus. Pericarpium nuci-
forme. Stylus persistens. Fruti-
cesfoUis integris.

Flowers in terminal Spikes,
more or less equal in height
A single Bracte to each ; outer
ones of females multifid, like a
Fence. Pericarpium like a Nut
Styles persistent. Shrubs uith
entire leaves^

Autax.}

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^.

The genus was named by Professor Beegius, from the Greek
word ouXag, on account of the furrow, in wliich the anthers are
placed.

1. A. foliis linearibus. Pinifolia.

Mas. Protea pinifoHa. Kenri. in Bot. Rep. it. 76. cum Ic. Protea
pinifolia. Thunb. Diss. n. 9.0. Protea linifoHa. Linn. Matit.p. \S7'
Leucadendronpinifolium. Linn. Mant.p. 36. A. pinifoha. Berg. PL
Cap. p. 33. Pinifn!iisplanta,&c. Burm. PL Afr.p. J93. t.70.f.3 —
F<EM. Protea bracteata. Thun.Diss.7i.Qi.i.l.J'.2. Protea bracte-
ata. Linn. SitppL p. 134. Lepidocarpodendron foliis, &c. Boerh.Hort. -
Lagdb. 9..p. 193. cum Ic — Pine-leaved Autax.

Found wild on the Stdlenbosch mountains and in Zwellettdatn,
by Mr. J. NiVEN : on the mountains near Platte Kloof, by Sir
C. P. Thunberg, where it fiowers from December to February,
but in this country about August. It requires a great deal of
pure sand mixed with loam, being impatient of much wet, nei-
ther do cuttings strike root easily- Leaves linear.

S. A. foliis anguste spatulatis. Cneorijo*

Mas. Protea aniacea. Thunb. Diss. n. 53. t. 9..f. 2 Fa:M. Protea

umbellata. Ktnn. in Bot. Rep. n. S48. cum Ic. Protea umbellata.
Thunb. Diss. n. 24 — Widow Wail-ieaved Aidax.

Introduced into our gardens, so long ago as the year 1774, from
the mountains near Platte Kloof. It flowers here in August, be-
ing hardier and more easily propagated by cuttings than the
other species. Mr. Kennedy, in the Botanist's Repository, justly
remarks how improper it is to describe a close head of flowers, an
Umbel, and as this shrub is already known in many collections,
by the name of Widow fVail-kaved Aular, I have ventured to
call it Cneorifolia. Leaves narrowly spatulated.

l« ON THE CULTIVATION OF

Chasm £. Salisb.

Flores in Capitulo terminali. Flowers in a terminal Head.
' BractealintersinguloSylnvolu- A single* Bracte to each with-
cromajorumnuUo; fsemineorum out larger below; those of fe-
demum lignosse, et infra apicem males becoming woody, and co*
concretae, unde Conus cancella- alescing into a latticed Cone,
tus. Pericarpium samarasforme. Pericarpium like that of Elm.
Stylus deciduus. Fruiices^foliii Style deciduous. Shrubs teitk
integriSfnuncineodemratnqfigU' entire leaves ^ in some species dtf"
rd discrepantibus. ferently shaped on one branch.

This genus has been ^o named from its Cone, the Greek word
X^xjsya{ signify ing a chink* In the figure of each separate Pericar*
pium^ it resembles Euryspermuniy but differs greatly in the coadu*
nation of its Bractes.

Spiralis. 1. C. foliis omnibus lincari-attenuatis, tenellis bafbatis spiraltliN^
que imbricatis ; coni squamis incurvis, ad marginem lucidis.

Spiral Chasme.

A small shrub about three feet high, discovered near Brtede
Rivier^ by Mr. J. Nivjek, Cuttings grow freely, but possessing
little beauty, it should only be admitted in extensive collections.
Leaves all linear-attenuated, bearded and spirally imbricated while
young. Scales of the Cone incurved, shining near their margin.

Teretifo- 2. C. foliis valdc arcuatis, omnibus linearibus : coni squamis in-
lia. curvis, ad marginem rugosulis.

Mas. Protea teretifolia. ' Andr. in Bot Rep. ff45l.^. ramulL

T<EV.Jig. major in eAdem iubulA Round-leaved Chasme.

This was also introduced by Mr. J. Niven, and grows wild on
the sandy plains of Zwellendam. It ripens fruit here plentifully
by dashing Pollen upon female flowers. Leaves channelled on

CAdWK.]

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEjK.

their upper side, exceedingly bowed, all linear. Scales of the
Cone incurved, wrinkled near their margin.

3. C. foliis l-^-Sj pollices longifi, omnibus sublineajibus: com Phiifolia.
squamis recurvis : pericarpio nigro, suborbieulari.

Pine-leaved Chasme.

A fine pyramidal shrub, which Mr. J. Niven discovewd by
alpine rivulets, near the river Zomier End. It is hardy, but none
of the plants in tliis country have yet flouered. Leaves about two
inches long, all nearly linear. Scales of tlie Cone recurved. Peri-
caipium black, almost orbicular.

■ 4. C. rantoram cuticuli mox fissft ; foliis linearibus spatulatisque : Uamaiiacea.
coni squamis recurvis : pericarpio maculato, obovato.

Mas. Protea incurva. Haw. in Bot. Rep. n. 429- cum Ic. exclusi*
synonymis. Ramentaceous Cbasnie.

This at first sight resembles the preceding species, but its
t,eaves are shorter, and more different in shape from each other

1 the saoiie branch, being quite spatulated near the Cone ; it may
likewise be distinguished at all times, by the cuticle of one year
old branches splitting into narrow stripes. Scales of the Cone re-
curved. Pericarpium gray with black spots, obovate. It grows
wild on the high mountains of Lavge Kloof, especially that called
Duyvelsliop, often covered with snow in winter, and where the
temperature even in summer, occasionally falls down to 40 degrees
of Fahrenheit : it is accordingly far from being tender. Mr. F»
Masson broughtoveronespecimeumany years ago, but the plants
in our gardens were raised from seeds, gathered by Mr. J. NivtN.
Cuttings strike root freely.

5. C. foliis linearibus spatulatisque, sub cono rctusiusculis : coni Coitiosa.
ftquamis ad marginem incrassatis ; pericarpio badio, niytiliformi.

Mt ON THE CULTIVATION OF lEurytpermmi^

Fan, Protea comosa. Thtmk. Diss. »• 25 — ^Tufted Chasme/
I believe that this species^ which was discovered by Andre\^
AuGE, in dry elevated places, near Groot Hout Hoekj has never yet
been in our gardens. Leaves both linear and spatulated^ those near
the cone somewhat retuse. Scales of the cone wide and thicken*
cd at their margin. Pericarpium bright bay colour^ shaped like a
Mttscle-shelL

EUBTSPERAIVX. SalUBi.

Flores in Capitulo terminal!. Flowers in a tCTminal Head.
Bractea 1 inter singulos, prs&ter A single Bracte to each, besides
gemmaceas ; fssmineorum de- Scales below ; becoming woody
mum lignossB : foliis ultimis in in females: uppermost leaves
plerisque sub florescentiam colo- during the Florescence colour^d^
ratis, Involttcri speciem pr» se like an Involucrum. Other parts
ferentibus* Ca&tera ut in Chasme^ ^ as in Chasme. Shrubs with entire
Frutices, foliis integris. leaves.

The name is derived from two Greek woids^ tci^ur and wm^qp^
alluding to the figure of the seeds.

* Folia glauca^ adulta lavia^

Mfieroetpha* I. £« foliis 14-2 lineas latis, 1-14- poUicem longis^ spatulato-
^^> lanceolatis: masculorum capitulis 2 lineas diametro, globosis:
petalis lasvibus.

Small-headed Euryspermum.

A slender species, about 2 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Ni*
TEN near Houtbay. Heads of male flowers very small, seldom
more than 2 lines in diameter, their lower Bractes erect Leaves
T^ to 2 lines broad, 1 to 1^ inch long, spatulated*lanceoIate.
Petals smooth.

Eiiiy^rmttm.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTPEgiE. 19

S. £. foliis 1-14- lineatn latis, 1-14- poUicem longis, angustissime ^Stherenm,
spatulatis: mascutorum capitulis grandibus, conicis: petalis aptce
angustis.

Ethereal Euryspermum.

From the very sammits of the mountaiiiH in Hottentots Holland,
where it was discovered by Mr. J. NiVEy. Branches clustered.
Leaves I to l^- line broail, 1 to l^- inch long, very narrowly flpa-
tulatcd. Male heads of flowers very large, 6 to 8 lines long, co-
nical. Petals narrow at the top.

3. E ramis decumbentibus : foliis l^-S lineas latis, 1-14- polli- H«mi/u««m,
cem longis, spatulato-lanceolatis : hractels tomentosis: petalis in-
fcrne rare sericeis.

Mas. Conocarpodendron folio, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. £03.
cum Ic. Trailing Euryspermum.

A dwarf shrub, common at the foot of Tafelberg, flowering here
in April and May. Branches very weak, especially in Males.
Leaves l-J- to 2 lines broad, 1 to 14- inch long, spatulated-lanceo-
late. firactes cottony. Petals bearded with a few silky hairs
towards the bottom.

4. E. ramis frondosis : foliis I4-2| lineas latis, 14. 2 poUices long- Frondosum,
is, spatulato-lanceolatis : bracteis sericeis : petalis inferne dense se-
ricei.s.

Mas. Proteapallens. Limi. Mant.p. 193 — F(EM.Proteaconifera.
Linn. Mant. p. 193. Conocarpodendron folio, kc. Boerh. Hort.
Lugdb. 2. p. 200. cum Ic — Clustered Euryspermum.

From Linne's descriptions above quoted, I suspect this, ra-
ther than the preceding, to be the species he had before him.
It grows plentifully also among the rocks near Cape Town, and
has an erect stem, with branches more clustered than in many
resembling it Leaves 14 to 54- lines broad, 14- to 3 inches long,
spatulated-lanceolate. Bractes silky. Petals very silky below
but smooth above the Bractes.

40 ON THE CULTIVATION OF' • lEw^tpermum.

Nidiflorum, 5. E. ramis tortuosis: foliis .24-3 lineas latis, l-l-i- poUicem

longis, spatulato-lanceolatis callo apicis intus convexOi fasinineor
rum ultimis peramplis : cono globoso.

Nest-flowering Euryspermum. , .: .1 ,

A stout shruby found wild by Mr. J. NivSk, in n><^j&t pF^ce^
' . Btear JVynberg. Stem variously bent. Leaves 24 to '3 lines

broad, 1 to 14 inch long, spatulated-lanceolate with the inside of
the callosity at their point convex, the coloured on^s under Fe-
male Heads so much dilated and imbricatec},\as to resepible a nest
Cone globular.

I'i

Procerum. 6- E. ramis rectis: foliis 3-34- lineas latis, 1-14-i poUicem lon-

gis, spatulato-lanceolatis callo apicis intus d^pres30^ CQno ob-
longo, squamis nitidissime sericeis.: v . . v .

Tall Euryspermum. ; .

This species was discovered by Mr.J* Nivbn, in the ^atndy
plains near Jackall Flybergy where it grows 10 feet high, and may
be easily distinguished by its broad leaves, which are spjatulated-
lanceolate, w^ith th^ inside of the callosity at their point deipressed.
Cone oblong, its scales covered with very shining silky hlui^.;.^

«#

Folia non gUtuca. Capitulum globosum^ oblongufnve>.

Cuspidifolium, 7. E. foliis 14-2 lineas latis, 14-24 pollices longis, lineari-spa-

tulatis, cuspidatis, adultis yix sericeis : fsemineorum petalis parum
exsertis : coni squamis laevibus.

Mas. E. Salicifolium. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 75. cum Jc. Cus-
pidate-leaved Euryspemmm.

A shrub 5 or 6 feet high, discovered on the banks of the Siel-
lenbosch river, by Mr. J^ Niven. It cohsequently requires plenty
of water. Leaves If to 2 lines broad, 14- to 2f inches long, some-
what falcated, Iinear-spatulated,CMspidatedy old ones nearly smooth.
Petals of Fcfnlales protruded very little beyond the Bractes. Scales
of the Cone smooth. 3

Eurynpermum.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTER.-E. Si

8. E. foliis I7-2 Hneaslatis, I-j-S-f pollices longis, lineari-lance- JEmulum,
olatis callo apicis totoconvexo, adultis rare sericcis : femiueoriim

petalis loiige exsertis, limbo elliptico.

Emulous Euryspermum.

Contbunded in our collections with the preceiiing, which it re-
sembles in the yeltow tinge of its long leaves, but exceedingly
distinct. Mr. J. Roxburgh discovered it in Hottentots Holland.
Leaves 14- to 1 lines broad, l-J- to 24^ inches long, somewhat fal-
cated, linear-lanceolate with the callosity at tlieir point all con-
vex, old ones thinly silky. Petals of Females curling a long
way beyond the Bractes, their limb elliptic.

9. E. foliis 14--2 lineas latis, 14-2 pollices longis, lineaii-spatu- UUglnosum,
latis ratio apicis basi intns depresso, adultis rare sericeis : fa^nii-

neoruni capitulis conicis, pctalorum limbo obovato.

Marsh Euryspemium.

This is a taller shrub than either of the two last, discovered by
Mr. J. NiVEN, in moist ground near Rovde Xand Cascfrde, lOand
IS feet high. He sent its seeds with the nsefid name liere
adopted, and by treating the plants as that suggeste<l, they flow-
cied abundantly at Clapham. Leaves If to 2 lines broad, If
to 2 inches long, somewhat falcated, li near-spa tulated with the
inside of the callosity at their point depressed at the base, old
ones thinly silky. Heads of Females conical, liuib of their I'etals
obovate.

10. E. caule gracili : foliis 14.-2 lineas latis, 7-12 longis, den- Strkcum,
sis, panim tortis, lineari-lanceolatis, adultis sericeis : masculorum

petalis ultra antheras barbatis : pericarpio obcuneato,

Mas. Protea saligna. Jndr. in Bot. Hep. ti. 572. turn Ic. Pro-
tea saligna. Tkunb. Diss. n. 47 — F(em. Protea saligna Amh.
in Bot. Rep. n, 572, Ic. in eadein tabulft cum mare — Silky Eury-
spermum. .

ft ON THE CULTIVATION OF I

The Leaves adjoining the Heads of Flowers in dus species are
of a deep yellow, and in Females tinged with red towards the hot-
torn. It grows wild in wet places behind TafeHerg^ flowering
here in June. Stem, and especidly the smaller branches, slender.
Leaves 14- to S lines broad, 7 to 18 long, close to one another, a
little twisted, linear-lanceolate, silky when old. Petals of Males
bearded beyooud die Anthers. Pericarpium obversely wedge-
shaped. Cuttings strike root freely.

Argenteum; li. £. foliis 14^-2 lineas latis, 7-12 longis, densis, valde tortis,

lineari-lanceolatis, adultis minute sericeis : masculomm petalis ul-
tra antheras laevibus : pericarpio ovali.

Silvery EfUryspermum.

In the lustre of its leaves, this species is hardly inferior to Pro-
tea Argentea. It was found wild by Mr. J. NivEif in the vici-
nity of fVynberg^ and male plants flowered many years ago in the
collection at Chapel Allerton. Leaves similar to those of E. Seri-
ceutHj but more twisted, and of a still more silvery hue, their silky
hairs being closer and shorter. Petals of Males smooth beyond the
anthers. Pericarpium oval.

SaUgnuniy 12. E. foliis 3-S4. lineas latis, I-lipollicem longis, tortis, parum

spatulato-lanceolatis, callo versus basin tenuiter canaliculato mu-
cronatis, adultis rar6 sericeis.

FcEM. Protea foliis lineari-lanceolatis, &c. Mill Gard. Dieted.
7. Protea saligna. Linn^ Mant. p. I94. Protea foliis lineari-lance-
olatis, &c. Linn. Hori.Cliff.p. 29. auctoritate ipsorum speciminum,
quaj floribus carent — ^Willow-like Euryspermum.

One of the oldest species in our gardens, having been cultivat-
ed by the celebrated Philip Miller, in 1740. It may be pro-
pagated very easily by cuttings, and the plant here described was
raised in this way, from one sent by him to the l^te Dr. Milker
of LudSy which in the year 1776 had grown to a large bush 10

Euiytpermuin.] THE NATURAL ORDER OFPROTEEiE. «

feet high, with a atem 4 inches in diameter. Neither that how-
ever, nor any of the others in this country, have ever flowered to
my knowledge, from which circumstance 1 suspect tliein to be Fe-
males, referring the plant to this genus from its liabit Linne's
name of Salignum is peculiarly applicable to it, in every sense.
Leaves 2 to 2i lines broad, 1 to l-J- inch long, twisted, somewhat
spatulated- lanceolate, sharply macronated with a fine channel to-
wards the bottom of the callosity, old ones thinly silky.

13. E. foliis 1^2 lineas latis, l-l-f polUcem longis, valdc tortis, Valuta foiium;
augustelanceolatis, calloclavatomucronatis, aduUis vix iKvibus :
masculorum petalis glabris.

Volute-leaved Euryspermum.

A shrub Sand 4 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Niten in Hot-
tentots Holland. Leaves 1^^ to S tines broad, I to t^- i"c'>lo°g> ex-
ceedingly twisted, narrowly lanceolate, mucronated with a club-
shaped callosity, old ones scarcely smooth. Petals of Mates glossy.

14. E. foliis ftj 34-lineas latis, 14- a^ po^'ices longis, densis, pa- Spmifolivm,
rum tortis, lineari-lanceolatis, adultis fimbriatis, coriaceis.

Crowded-leaved Euryspermum.

Introduced by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy in 180t, from seeds
collected by Mr. J. Roxburgh, but none of the plants have yet
flowered. Stem short, quite erect with clustered branches. Leaves
2-i to 34- lines broad, 14 to 2-1- inches long, close to one another,
somewhat twisted, linear-lanceolate, fringed when old, leathery.

15. E. foliis 5-8 lineas latis, I-14. pollicem longis, densis, rcc- -DcHiuw ,-
tis, spatula to-lanceolatis, adultis fimbriatis, coriaceis : masculorum
bracteis dense sericeis.

Close Euryspermum.

A fine hardy species, discovered probably by Mr. F. Masson,

U ON THE CULTIVATION OP [

for I have a specimen gathered at Kew in 1796. Leaves 5 to 8
lines broad, 1 to l^ inch long, close to one another, not twisted, '
spatulated-lanceolate, still fringed when old, leathery, those of
Females much shorter and broaden Bractes 6f Miales very silky.

Decorum: 16. E. foliis 5-7 lineas latis, 2-3 pollices longis, elHpticis^ aditt'

tis pubescentibus, ultimis viridibus: peilcarpi6 valdealato.

FcEBi. Protea strobilina. Schrad. Sert. lian./asc. l.p; 7- 1. li_
Comely Euryspermum.

This i» the original Protea Decora of our colleotions, so named
by SoLANDBR, but now rarely seen, and neglected for more gor-
geous plants of the Order. It was discovei^ed by Mr. F. -Massok,
in sandy soil near Constantia. Leaves from 5 to 7 lines broad, 2 to
3 inclics long, elliptic, old ones pubescent, those near the flowers
green* •3?ericarpium broadly winged.

. ^^^^ ft'olia non glduca: Capitidum hemispharicum.

Orandi/lof^umt 1 7. K. t'ol'is ^7 lineas latis, l|-2 pollices longis, spatulato-

hmccolatis callo obtusissimo, adultis pubescentibus: masculorum
stiginnic angustissimo.

Mas. K. (imndifloruin. Salisb.Par. Lohd. n. I05.cum.lc. optima

Large-'flowcred Euryspermum.

The Male Flowers of this species, discovered by Mr. J. Niven
near fVynbergj exhale a strong disagreeable smell. Leaves 5 to
7 lines broad, \x to 2 inches long, spatulated-lanceolate with a very
obtuHe callosity, pubescent when fully grown. Stigma of Males
very narrow.

CmwoU^r. *** ^* foliis 6-9 lineas latis, 14-2 pollices longis, obo^ato-Ian-
ceolatis callo acuminulato, adultis pubescentibus, ultimis' viridi-
bus: coni squamis numerosissimis, oblongis.

Protea.]

THE NATURAL OllDEK OF PROTEEiE.

AIas. Protea globosa. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 878, cum Ic. per*
peram fucatd. Protea globosa, Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 307. cum
I<i — One-coloured Euryspermum.

Introduced in 1786, by Messrs. Lee and Kemvedv. and grows
wild near Palmtt Rivier. Leaves 6 to 9 lines broad, 14. to 2 inches
long, obovate-lanceolate with the callosity alittle pointed, pubescent
when old, those near the flowers green like the others, yet often
tinged with red towards the bottom. Heads of Flowers not
globular either in Males or Females, tor which reason I have given
it a name expressing one of its speclHc differences. Scales of the
Cone very numerous, oblong.

Protea. Lb

Floras in Capitulo terminali. Flowers In a terminal Head.

Bractea 1 inter singulos cum A single Bracte to each, with
geniniaceis parvis; fseinineorum smalt scales below; becoming
demum liguoste. Pericarpium woody in females. Pericarpium
nuciforme, lignosum. Stylus like a Nut, woody. Style in
basi vel totus pcrsistens. Ar- part, or all persistent. Trees
bores Fruticesve, foUii integris. or Shrubs, with entire leaves.

The genus was so named by Linne, as it theu stood, from its
various shaped leaves and tlowers.

* Pericarpium fere /mdutn.

1, P. foliis 6-8 lineas latis, 2-3 poUtcea longis, ellipticis, subre- Strobitina ;
tusis, adultis vix Icevibus : fxmineorum coroUis spiraliter imbrica-
tis, Ixvibus : pericarpio late turbinato.

Mas. p. strobilina. Thunb. Diss. n. 44 — F<em. P. strobilina?
Zinn. Mant. p. I9S Strobiled Protea.

96 ON THE CULTIVATION OF Fr9t€9.

The cones of this shrub are often as big as a man's fist Mr. J.
NiYEN fovmd it in the dry sandy plains near Palmit Rivier, from
5 to 7 feet high. Leaves very similar to those of Euryspermum
Decorum^ but not so pubesceni, and with a still blunter point
often bent down, when they appear retuse. Heads of Females
very long, their corollas spirally imbricated and smooth* Peri-
carpium broadly turbinated.

Argentea ; % P. caul^ arbors : foliis 6-10 lineas latis, 3-5 pollices longis^

anguste lanceolatis, longe sericeis : stylo toto persiateute. -

Mas. Conocarpodendron foliis, &c. Bo^rh. Hart. LugdL 2. p.
195 cum le. Leucadendro&Africana, &c. Plukn. Alm.p.H2. t.UCKk

f. 1 FasM. P. argentea. Linn. Sp. PL ed. 2. p. 137. P. foliis lan-

ceolatis, &c. Linn. Hort. Cliff, p. 29. Argyrodendros Africana,
&c. Comm. Hort. Amst. v. 2. p. 51. /. 2b' — Silvery Protea.

A well known tree, from 20 to 30 feet high, found both wild
and cultivated near Cape Torvn^ where whole woods of it are
planted solefy for fuel. Leaves 6 to 10 lines broad, 3 to 5 inched
long, narrowly lanceolate, silky with long hairs, shining likle po-
lished silver. Style all persistent. No plant is more improperly
treated in our collections than this, being generally confined at
the root, and kept very dry. The soil it will thrive in is pure
sandy loam, mixed with decayed leaves and angular pieces of
sandstone. Every year in March or Aprily it should be shified
without disturbing the roots much, into a larger pof, and supplied
with plenty of water during summer, aot suffering its leaves to
flag at any season. When the plants are 10 or 12 years old, they
will flower, andif t^y have not been crowded or drawn by others^
beeon>e magnifi<;eBt objects for- larg^ cons^rvat^pies. Cuttings
strike root without much difficulty, and the seedi^' its has alpeadry^
been nientioned, retein tlieir vegetative powers many years> a.eiia-
racter which will probably be commoa to tb^ whc^e gekus: oa

Pntt*.} THE NATURAt ORDER OF PROTEEH:. VJ

the contrary, I have never been able to raise seeds of a Chatme,
or Earyspermum, which were more than a year old.

3. P. foliis 3-5 Hneas latis, 1^-2 pollicea longis, spatulato-ellip- Glutimta,
ticis, obtusis, adultis vix Ifevibus : bracteis glutioosis dorso barbato :
ftemineorum petalis parum exsertis.

Glutinous Protea.

A stout shrub, discovered by Mr. J. NtVKK, in the dry sandy
district of the Twenty Four Riviera, with seeds ripe on the 27th
o( October. Leaves about 3 lines broad in Males and 5 in Fe-
males, spatulated-elliptical, obtuse, not quite smooth when old,
especially the lower ones. Bractes ijlutinous, bearded externally
towards their base. Petals of Females reaching very little beyond
the Bractes, which are themselves scarcely pushed out during thfi
Floresceacet

4. P. foliis 24-4 lineas latis, 8-12 longis, ciesiis, spatiilalis, obtu- jEmula,
818, adultis vix Iscvibus; masculonmi capitulis truncatis, bracteis

valde fimbriatis.

Emulous Protea.

This is also a robust shrub, 6 feet high or more, not unlike
the fonner, and discovered by Mr. J. Niven, near Picguetberg,
Leaves s4- to 4 lines broad, 8 to IS long, gray, spatulated, obtuse,
scarcely smooth when old. Heads of male flowers truncated, their
Bractes exceedingly fringed. It grows freely by cutlings, and
the Cones are very ornamental, their black scales being bearded
below the top with fox-coloured hairs, and forming a strong con-
trast to tlie pale hue of the foliage.

5. P. foliis 3-5 lincas latis, 8-14 kmgis, cscsiis, spatulatis, oh- Alpina,
tusis, adultis vix lEtvibus : niasculorum capltutis pedunculatis, pe

talis bracteis multo loDgioribus, usque ad apicem tomentosis.
Alpine Protea.

£8 ON THE CULTIVATION OF [Proi«a-

A beautiful species^ discovered by Mr. J. Nxven on the high
peak of Khamiesberg. The Males are covered with Flowers ren*
dered very showy by their long purple styles. Leaves 3 to 5 lines
broad, 8 to 14 long, gray, spatulated, obtuse, scarcely smooth
when old Heads of Males on Peduncles, Petals much longer
than the Bractes, cottony up to the very top.

TbesiifoUa; 6. P. foliis4--l lineam latis, 5-7 longis, glaucis, anguste spam-.

lads, obtusis, Isvibus cum rore : masculorum capitulis sessilibus^
petalis usque ad apicem valde tomentosis.

Thesium-leaved Protea.

From the mountains in Hottentots Holland, where it was dis-
covered by Mr. F. Masson. Leaves much narrower than in any
species of this section, seldom I line broad, 5 to 7 long, glaucous^
narrowly spatulated, obtuse, smooth with a fine dew. Heads of
males sessile, their Petals very cottony up to the top.

Crassuletfolia, 7. p. foliis 1-lt poUicem latis, 2-3 longis, glaucis, late spatula-

tis, tenellis rare firobriatis, acuminulatis, Isvibus cum rore : brae-
teis infra apicem barbatis ; petalis lasvibus.

Crassula-leaved Protea.

A low shrub, discovered by Mr. F. Massox, so like some
Crassulas that even an experienced botanist who found it without
flowers, might refer it to that genus. It was introduced by G»
HiBBERT, Esq. in 1805, and a healthy plant of it is now at Kew^
Leaves 1 to It inch broad, S to 3 long, glaucous, broadly spatu-
lated, thinly fringed when young, shortly pointed, smooth with a
fine dew. Bractes bearded below the top. Petals smooth^

Loranthifolia : 8. P* caule lasvi : foliis 3-5 lineas latis, l-l^ poUicem longis, spa-

tulatis, obtuse acuminulatis, lasvibus : pericarpio reniformi.

FoEM. CoROCarpodendron, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 201-
cum Ic Loranthus-leaved Protea.

Protta.] THE NATURAL ORDER OP PROTEEjE. 29

The kiduey-shaped Pericarpium distinguishes thrs from every
species known to me. It was found by Mr. J. Niven, in
Bandy elevated ground near Jackall Flyberg. Stem about 5 feet
high, smooth. Leaves 3 to 5 lines broad, spatulated, ending in a
short point which is itself obtuse, smooth-

** Pericarpium harbatum.

g. P. ramispurpureis; foliis 1-2 lineaslatis, 6-10 Iongis,spatu!ato- Cimrta,
lanceolatis, obtusis, sericeo-tomentosis ; pcricarpiorare barbato.

Mas. p. alba. Tkunb. Diss. n. 32 FtEW. P. cinerea. Soland. in

Alt. Hort. Kew. -c. \.p. 127— Gray Protea.

Introduced at Kew in 1774, from seeds collected by Mr. F. *
Masson. It ii a tall slender species, growing wild in low moist
ground, near Paarl^ Branches after losing their pubescence pur-
ple. Leaves 1 to 3 lines broad, 6 to 10 long, spatulated-lanceolate,
obtuse, silk-cottony. Pericarpium thinly bearded.

10, P. foliis 1-It lineamlatis, l-lrpollicem longis, densis, tor- FalcifoUa,
tis, falcatis, anguste spatulatis, obtusis, adultia vixlazvibus: mas-
culorum capitulis pedunculati^, globosis.

Scythe-leaved Protea.

A shrub from 3 to 5 feet high, disco\'ered near Simottsberg, by

Mr. J. Niven. Leaves 1 to 14. line broad, 1 to J4- inch long,

Lgray, close to one another, twisted, falcated especially in females^

LBarrowly spatulated, obtuse, finely silky when young and hardly

[-•■niooth when old. Male flowers smelling like Purple Clover,

their heads on Peduncles often half an inch long. Cone broadly

ovai, its scales silk-cottony.

11. P. foliis I lineara latis, 6-10 longis, pariim tortis, anguste Longicuidis,
L tpatulatis, retusiusculis, adultis Ixvibus : masculorum capitulis

IvTix pcdunculatis, ovalibus.

ON THE CULTIVATION OF

iProtts.

Mas. p. torta. Thunh. Diss. n. 31 Long-stemmed Protea.

If the above synonym is correct, few Barnes can be more inap-
plicable than that ofTHONBEEU, for the leaves are not half so
much twisted as in many other species. However, it passes for
his plant in our gardens, and was raised at Clapham from seeds
sent by Mr. J. Niven. It is evidently an intermediate species,
between Faldfolia and AsterifoUa. Leaves about I line broad,
5 to 7 long, slightly twisted, narrowly spatulated, not attenuated
at the callosity but somewhat retuse, smooth when old. Cone
silky. Cuttings grow readily in any soil, but to flower plentifully
this species requires pure sand.

Jsterifolui, IS. P. cauie gracili : foliis 1^-2 liheas latis, 7-9 longis, rariuscu-
lis, spatulatis, obtusis, adultis puhescentibus : masculorum capita-
lis late hemispharicis, petalis ultra antheras barbatis.
Aster-leaved Protea.

A tall slender shrub, discovered by Mr. J. Niven in the sandy

plains near Cape Town, Leaves 1^ to 2 lines broad, 7 to 9 long,

.1, more distant from earh other thaii in many sjiectes, spatulated,

obtuse, still pubescent when old. Heads of male flowers broadly

hemisphaerical, their Petals bearded beyond the anthers.

Globutariafo- 13, P. caule pavum dccurabente: foliis 1-14- lineaifi latis, 8-12
*'^i longis, rectis, incurvo-patcntibus, anguste s|>atulatis, obtusis, adul-

tis, glabris, crassis : masculorum petalis Ixvibus.

Mas. P. linifolia. Jacg. Hart. Schonbr. v. \. p. 1 1. /. 26— F<em.
P. fusciflora. Jacq. Hort. Schonbr. vA.p.W.t. 'S.l—G lobularia-leav-
ed Protea,

This is a dwarf species, discovered by the pereon who was sent
to collect seeds at the Cape, for the garden at Sckonbrun. It
'"'J thrives best in very sandy soil, well drained, and may be propa-

gated by cuttings. Stem somewhat decumbent, tinged with red.
Leaves deep grass-green, not at all like those of any Linum, I

I

J

Protta.']

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^

to 14- line broad, 8 to 12 long, twisted, incurved-spreading, nar-
rowly spatulated, obtuse, smooth when old, thick. Petals of
males smooth.

14. P. foliis 1 lineam latis, 3-4 longis, rectis, late spatulatis, Spatulcefotia.
obtusis, adultis vix Ixvibus : masculoruin petalis ultra antheras

Ixvibus.

Mas. p. Levisanus. Tkunb. Diss. n. 43. P. Levisanus. Linn,
Mant. p. 194. Leucadendron Levisanus. jSerg-. PI. Cap. p. SO.
Brunia foliis, &c. Burnt. Pi. Afr. p. 267. t. 100. y. 'i. Conocar-
pndendr 'n foliis, Sec. Boerh. Hort. LugJb. 2, p. 202. cum Ic.

Levisanus Capensis Serpylli folio. Pet. Gas.. 9- t. 5. f. 7 F(em.

Brunia Levisauus. Linn. Sp. PL ed. 2. p. 289. P. fusca. Linn. Sp. PI.
ed.^.p 989. P- fiisca. Li»n.Sp.Pl. \.p.95 Spatula-leaved Protea.

One of the commonest shrubs, in moist parts of the sandy plains"
nearCfl^Je Town, and readily increased by cuttings aa well as seeds,
which ripen here abumlantly. Stem about 2 feet high. Leave*
1 line broad, 2 to 3 long, not twisted, broadly spatulated, obtuse,
hardly smooth when old:

15. P. foliis 1-14- lineam latis, 2-3 longis, rectis, ovalibus, obtu- T/ivmifolia,
sis, adultis l^vibus : masculorum stigmate auguste clavato.

Thyme-leaved Protea.

A rare species, discovered by Mr. J. Niven, and I fear now
lost in our gardens, the only plant I ever saw, being in a sickly
state, when I came to Clapham. Leaves 1 to I| line broad, 2 to
3 long, not twisted, oval, obtuse, old ones smooth. Stigma of
males narrowly club-shaped.

16. P. foliis 4--1 lineam latis, 24--4 longis, rectis, cuneatis, obtu- Gmdiafitlia
sis, adultis, licvibus : masculorum stigmate late clavato : pericarpio
acuminato.

Gnidia- leaved Protea.

3a ON THE CaLTIVATION OP [Giwomtf^

This is a conical shrub, from 6 to 10 feet high, discovered by
Mr. J. NiVEN, near Paarl^ in dry sandy soiL Branches cluster-
ed at regular distances. Leaves 4- to 1 line broad, S4> to 4 long,
not twisted, wedge-shaped, obtuse, smooth when fully grown.
Stigma of males broadly clubrsha{)ed« Pericarpium pointed.

^runiafoUa. 17. P. foliis 4--1 Uneam latis, 3-5 longis, rectis, anguste cunea-

tis, obtusis, adultis Isevibus : pericarpio truncato, breviter barbato.
Mas. P« bruniades. Linn. Suppl.p. 17« P. corymbosa. Thunb. DUs.

n* i28. t, 2. Leucadendron coryinbosuntu Berg. PL Cap. p. 21

T(Eiu P. Corymbosa* Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. ^95. cum. Ic. P. co-

rymbosa. descr.fructw. Thunb. Diss. n. 2S Brunia-leaved Protea.

The name of Cor^mbosa^ hitherto given to this species, origi-^
nated in a blunder of Professor Bergius, who described it from
a dried specimen. Sir C. P. ThukberO found it near Breede
Rivier, in moist places. Stem 6 to 10 feet high, very tapering^ its
branches clustered, but never corymbose. Leaves t to 1 line
broad, 3 to 5 long, not twisted, narrowly wedge-shaped, obtuse,
though from being so very narrow they seem acute, old ones'
i&mooth. Pericarpium truncated, shortly bearded.

GissoNiA. Salisb.

Flores in Capitulo terminali. Flowers in a terminal Head. A
Bractea 1 inter singulos, praeter single Bracte to each, besides an
Involucrum majorum imbricata- Involucrum of larger imbricated
rum : fsemineorum demum ligno- ones ; becoming woody infemales.
sae. Ccetera, ut in Proted. Fru- Other parts as in Protea. Style
t ices-; foliis integriSjVarissime ad persistent. Shrubs; with entire
apicem Q-S-dentatis. leaves ^ very rarely i-S-toothed.

The name of this genus is derived from a Greek word yi lor^y,
jts Involucrum being imbricated*

. 4

Cisscnia.} THE NATURAf. ORDER OF PROTEEiE. «

1. G. foUis adultis sericeis : niasculorum spatulato-Unccolatis, Scricen,
jwtalis ultra antheras barbatis.

Silky Giasonia.

I have only seen a male plant of this species, which flowered
at Clapham, in June 1806, and was then supposed to be Proiea
Cinerea of Solandeb, but it is totally different. Stem very slen-
der, silky. Leaves y a line broad, 2 to 3 long, erect-spreading,
spatulated-lauceolate, silky when old, and very like those of G«i-
dia Sericea. Bractea of the Involucrum not so silky aj the Leaves.
Petals bearded beyond the anthers. Stigroa broadly club-shaped.

2. G. foliis adultis IjEvibus: masculorum angustespatulatis; foe- Riparia,
roineorum linearibus et anguste spatulatis : petalis ultra antheras
barbatis.

Beck-side Gissonia.

A slender shrub, discovered by Mr. F. Masson on the banks
of rivulets, in Hottentots Holland. Leaves quite smooth whca
old ; in males ■^ a line brnad, 2 to 3 long, narrowly spatulated; in
females differing in shape on the same branch ; lower ones even
narrower and a great deal longer than those of the males, quite
linear ; upper ones much broader, narrowly spatulated. Male
Heads on little hairy branches which resemble peduncles, hav-
ing scarcely any other leaves upon them than gemmaceous scales.
Petals bearded beyond the anthers. Cones about -j of an inch in
diameter.

3. G. foliis adultis plus minus sericeis ; masculoruin spatulato-lan- CoUintu
ceolatis ; fcemineoruni ligularibus : petalis ultra antheras Isevibus.

Mas. Protea plumosa. Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kexo. v. I. p. 127.
Protca parviflora. Tkunb, Diss. n. 40. /. 4./. I. Protea parviflora.

Linn. Mant. p. \gs Fcem. Protea obliqua, Linn. Sttppl.p. 117.

Protea obliqua. Tkunb. Diss. n. 39. Scolymocephalus Africanws,
&c. Rai/. Htfft. V. 3. lib. 25. p. 10_Hillock Gissoaia.

34 ON THE CULTIVATION OF iErodemdrum.

Common every where in dry places near Cape Tcmt^ and iniro-
duced at Kezv in 1774 : it is nevertheless seldom seen in our col.
lections. I cannot retain any of the names above, quoted : for, the
flowers of both the other species are much smaller^ as well as more
featheied^aiKl the term ObtiquahzB been misapplied. Leaves varying
exceedingly in pubescence^ and seldom quilEe smooth when old ; 10
males spatulated-lancealate; in females much longer, and straps
shaped. Petals smooth beyond the anthers. Cones sometimes
an inch and ahalf in diameten *

Sect. 2. Flares Hermaphroditi.
ERODEt^DHUi^* Salisb.

Flores in Capitulo terminal], Flowers in a terminal bead^ ' A

Bxactea 1 inter singulcto,. prsster single Bracte to each,.beside^ an

Involucram msjoram colotata- Invblucrum of larger ^otoured

jrum> xigidse. Petala in Labia 9, ones, rigid. Petals cohering i^

post anihesin apice erecta, anti* to S lips^ their tops ereet'sftdf

CO angusto^ cohaerentia. Peri- the anth#rs bursty front OM

caxpium Irspetmum,. fusifbrme, narrow. Pericarpifmii one wtA^

kmge.barfaatum; Stylus persis* ed, spindle-slu4>ed, witli a Ic^

tens. Frutice^ ; fotiU simpUci- beard. Sty tepersistei]^ iSArti&iv

imsy perangusttB latusimisve, with simple kaveSyWeri/ fksrrm or

nunc resupinatis. hroad^ in some resupinai^d.

The name is derived from two Greek words §qmcr and SfvS^o^,
the species of this genus, being preferred to most otliJets^ ijbi the
Order, by collectors*

* Flores in Cc^iIuIq oblongo.

Mellifiuum; . il- E. foliis 2^4 lineas latis, parum glaucis, spa4aiUto-lattteolatis,

obtusis, laevibus : l^^ractei^ superioribus spatulato-lanccMDisUis : aa^*
theris 1 poUicem longis^

Mivdendrum.] THE NATUWAI. ORDER OF PROTEK^. SS

■\* FroCea mellifera. Curi. in Bot. Mag. n. 346. cum Ic. Protca
mellifcra. Thunb. Diss. n. 37. Leucadendron repens a. Linn. Sp.
Pi. ed. 2. p. 135. Lepidocarpotiendron, Sec. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb.
2. p. 187. cum Ic. Melliferous Erodendron.

This species is very liable to suffer from damp, if crowded among
otliers, when the young Heads of llowers decay : it should there-
fore stand singly, thriving best in light sandy loam mixed with
decayed leaves and pieces of sandstone. It grows wildncar Paarl
on the sides of tlie mountains so plentifully, that the inhabitants
collect the honey of its flowers, for medicinal purposes. Stem 6 1©
10 feet high, smooth. Leaves 2 to 4 lines broad, somewhat glaucous,
spatulatcd-lanceolate, obtuse, smooth. Upper Bractes spatulated-
lanceolate. Anthers an inch long.

- fi. E. foliis 5-7 poUice* longis, ligiilaribus, adultis vis glabris, Longtpenne,
capitulo angusto, conico: bractcis superioribus spatulato-Iancco-
latis, fioribas brevioribus : anthcris juxta medium petalorum iu-
sertis.

Protea longifolia nigra. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 132. ctim Ic.
■Long-feathered Erodendrum.

Introduced in the year 1798. along with the 9 following species
by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, who received their seeds from
the superintcndant of the garden, at Schonbruv. Leaves dark
green, 5 to 7 inches long, strap-shaped, scarcely smoofh when
old. Head of flowers narrow, conical. Upper Bractes spatulated-
lanceolate, shorter than the flowers. Anthers inserted lower than
in any species yet discovered, very near the middle of the Petals.

3. E. foliis 5-7 polliccs longis, ligularibus, adultis vix glabris: Umbonaie,
capitulo lato, in umboncm prominente : bracteis superioribus spa-
tula to-lanceolat is, iongitudinc florum ; antheris supra medium pe-
talorum insertis.

36 ON THE CULTIVATION OP lErwkmbwai

Protca longifolia. van cono turbinata Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n.
144. cum Ic. hoiAy prseter foliorum colorem. LepidocarpodendrciPy
&c. Boerk. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 186. cum Ic. Embossed Eroden-
drum.

A very distinct species, growing wild in Hottentots Hottandy
the flowers of which exhale a slight odour, like mellow apples^
Stem 6 to 10 feet high. Leaves pale green, their nerves and mar-
gin tinged with red, strap-shaped, very pubescent when young, and
not quite smooth when old. Heads^ of Flowers broad, embossed
Upper Bractes spatulated-lanceolate, as long as the Flowers^ Aa*
thers inserted above the middle of the Petals^

JJgulafolium i 4. E. foliis 5-7 pollices longis, ligularibus, adultis glabrisr cft-

pitulo lato, parum convexo : bracteis superioribus spatulato-lanceo-
latis, floribus longioribus : antheris longe supra medium petalo-
rum insertis.

Protea longifolia ferruginoso-purpurea.. Kenn^ in Bot. Rep. an
133. cum Ic. Strap-leaved Erodendrum,

The Leaves of this resemble tUose of the preceding species^ ex-
cept being of a darker green, and not so pubescent, but its floweifs
are very different. Head broad^ only slightly convex. Upper
Bractes spatulated-lanceolate, longer than the flowers. Anthens
inserted higher than in either of its supposed varieties. They
are all difficult to increase, cuttings when they do succeed, beings
generally a year in sending out roots.^

Fukhclbm ; 5. £. foHis 4-5 linear latis, 3-^ pollices loi^s^ lineari-lanceola-

tis, marginatis, adultis vix Issvibus, plus minus imdulatis : bracteis
iocarnatis ; superioribus spatulato-lanceolatis, i*are fimbriatis.
Variat. a. Pili vix ulli pujpurei in barbi petalorum.

Protea speciosa. v^ fol. glabris. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n..
¥11^ cum Ic. bon&.
t^ Pili multi purpurei in barb& petalosum..

Eradatdnm.1 THE NATURAL OKDER OF PROTEE^. S7

■«liTi»i*-- Protea pulcheila. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 270. cum Ic

perperam fucati.
y. Pili numerosissimi purpurci in barbi petalomm.
Protea pulcheila. v. speciosa. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n.
442. atm Ic.
Neat Erodendrura.

The seeds of these different varieties were among the first sent
over by Mr. J. Niven, and raised at Clapham in 1800. He dis-
covered them near Stclknbosch, in a dry sandy soil, where they
flower in October, Stem S to 5 feet high. Leaves 4 to 5 lines
broad, 3 to 5 inches long, linear-lanceolate, marginated, scarcely
smooth when old, more or less waved. Bractes flesh-colour, upper
ones spatulated-lanceolate, thinly fringed.

6. E. foliis lf-2 poilices latis, 5-7 longis, ellipticis, marginatis, Magnijicum^
adultis pubescentulis, undulatis ; bracteis ochroleucis, superrori-
bus spatulatO'lanceolatis, fimbriatis.

Protea speciosa. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 438. cum Ic. Magnifi-
cent Erodendriiin.

From the mountains of Hottentitta Hoilaml, where it was dis-
covered by Mr. J. Niven. Leaves If to 2 inches broad, 5 to 7
long, elliptic, marginated, somewhat pubescent when old. Bractes
cream-colour; upper ones spatulated-lanceolate, fringed.

7; E. foliis 5-10 lineaa latis, 2-3 poilices longis, densis, ellipti- Iitiompfum,
co-cuneatis, aduItis villosulis : hracteis ochroleucis; superioribus
lyrato-spatu latis, fimbriatis : petalis longe caudatis.

Lepidocarpodendvon, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb. 3. p. 189- cum
Ic. Slovenly Erodendrum.

A robust shrub from 7 to 12 feet high, gcowiDg wild at the foot
of the mountains, near Rondebosch. Stem villous. Leaves 6 to 10 .
lines broad, 2 to 3 inches long, close to one another, elliptic-
vedge-shaped, somewhat villous when old. Bractes deep creaiD-

•B ONTHBCULTIVATSaNiOfii;! iSwaemdnnk.

colour, upper ones lyre-^patulated^i Tringed. Petals extended
beyond the anthers into long tails. i* .

4 ..■-"■•»•

'■■'•■-■• !•• I- ■'. .ii t i \ X . ,

(Etnulum, g. E;.lft>llis ft-ia lineas lati^, J-SpolUces longisy. bbcuneato-el-

lipticis, adultis fimbriatis : bracteis bchroleUcis ; superioribus
spatulatis, parum fimbriatis : antheris 7 Hneas longis, .

Emulous Erodendruni;

Confounded with the preceding in our cpUectibnsy but v^ry^dis^
tinct^ and introduced at Ciafham from seeds eotiected foy^ Mr. J.
Nf vEN^nvhodifiCOTered itnear AitaquUs KUof^ i^ blkdi mloist fei^
tile soil. St6m 10 feet high. Leaves 8 to 12 lines broad, ^ toj
inches long, obcuneate-ellip tic, fringed when old; Bfactes^ cream-
colour, upper ones spatula4:ed, sjiightly fringed; Anthers 7 liiMi
long.

Bombycinutn. g, E. foliis 8-124ineas latis^ 3-S pbilices longis/^UiptiQo^cunea^

tis, adultis fere Isevibus: bracteis ochroleucis ; ^lujpetioribuB ipin
tulatis, fimbriatis : btigmate angustissimo, apioeclavato:

Frotea ochroleuca. Smith Ex. Bot. v. 2. p. 18. t. 81. pesi^ttid.
Protea Lacticolor. < Salish. ^Par. Lond. n. 9,7*' cum Ic. mtiiime boak.
Silk-'f ringed Erodendrum.

I cannot adopt either of the names, given to this species by the
great botanists above quoted, from the colour; of its flowers; so
many others being similar in this respect. Mr. J. Niven disco-
vered it, by 'mountain rivulets fttlUtig in the fiver Zander End.
Ltoves 8 to 12 lines broad, 2 to S inches long, elliptic^wedgeshap-
ed, almost smooth when old, leathery. Bractes creanti-coltiur;
upper ones spatulated, fringed with hairs resembling unspun silk.
Petals very little extended beyond the anthers. Stigm^ v*>ry

narrow, club-shaped at tiie top. Cuttings stnke foot fieely.

^k ^ ' ■' • ■••.• .... i».

Obtusum; 10. E; foliis lt-2f poUices latis> S-4 longis, glaucis, obovatis

bast' majorum retusiusculA, panim mar^natis, adultis laevibus:

Erodendrum.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEli/E. 59

bracteis mbiis ; supcrioribua lyrato-spatulatis, fmibrJatis, obtusis :
[letalis obtusis,

Piotea speciosa. Sima i/i Bot. Mag. a. J 183, cum Ic. excluso
syn. Liuneano. Proteaapeciosa latifoUa. Kenn. itt Bot. Rep. v. 1 10.
cum Ic. Obtuse Erodenilnim.

Mr. J. NivEN discovered this fine species on the mountains
opposite to Pletiettdcrg's Bay, which may be easily distinguished
from those it is nearest allied to, by its glaucous foliage, and ob- ■
tuse petals. Leaves l-J- to 2t inches broad, 3 to 4 long, obovate,
the base of tlie larger ones retuse, somewluit ntarginated, smooth
when fuliy gi'own. Bractes red ; upper ones lyre-spatulated,
fringed with hairs varying from reddish-puiple to white, indif-
ferent plants.

11. E. foUis 1-li poUicem latis, 2t-4 loogis, obovato-lanceola- Speciosum;
latis,,,p9fum maiginatis, acuminulatis, adultia licvibus: bracteis
cxtus sericeis ; superioribti^ apice inoamatis, spatulatis, densissime
iimbriatis, retusis.

Protea speciosa. Linn. Mant, p. 36, Lepidocarpodendron, &c.
Boerh. liort. Lugdb. S. p. 165. cum Ic. Showy Erodeadruni.

A low shrub, growing wild near Jl'ynberg, and hitherto known
in our collections by the najne of Obovatum. Cuttings strike
root witliout much difficulty, but it requires a very sandy loam,
and to be particularly well drained. Stem seldom more than S
feet high, thick and swelled in cross folds at the base. Leaves
I to If inch broad, Z-i to 4 long, obovate-lanceolatc, somewhat
niarginated, ending in a. little point, smooth when old. Dractes
externally silky ; upper ones flesh-coloured at the top, spatulated,
very thickly fringed, retuse.

IS. £. foliis 1 pollicem latis, 4-61ongis, lineari-lanceolatis, mar- At(guitum,
ginatis, aduliis Ia;vibus : bracteis extus sericeis ; siiperjoribus in-
carnatis, spatulatis, deosisslme fimbriatis, acumiuulalis.

49 ON THE CULTIVATION OF iEfwUndrum.

Protea grandiflora v. foliis undulatis. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. SO(K
cum Ic. August Erodendrum.

Introduced at Ciapham in 1 800, from seeds collected by Mr: J.
NivEN, but no place of growth was mentioned, upon the paper
containing them. Stem 3 to 5 feet high. Leaves 1 inch broad,
4 to 6 long, linear-lanceolate, marginated, smooth when old.
Bractes externally silky ; upper ones flesh-coloured, very thickly
' fringed, ending in a little point.

Neriifolium ; 13^ e^ foijig 5.9 lineas latis, 4-5 poUices longii^, liaeiari*lanceo4

latis, vix marginatis, adultis la^vibus ; bracteis extus sericeisj 8u«-
perioribus spatulatis, fimbria atrd densissim^: anther& anticft
sterili.

Protea Lepidocarpon. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 61^. cum Ic. Pro-
tea speciosa nigra^ Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 103. cum Ic. PitJtea
Lepidocarpon. Linn. Mant. p. 19O. Lepidocarpodfendrdn^ &c.
Boerh. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 11 8. dum In, Olpundcr-leaved Erb
dendrum.

This species grows wild near Steenberg in sandy loam, and may
easily be increased by cuttings. Leaves 5 to 8 lines broad, 4 to 5
inches long, linear-lanceolate, scarcely marginated, smooth when
old, and so like those of the Oleander ^ that Link£ has noticed it in
the Mantissa. Bractes externally silky ; upper ones spatulated,
very thickly fringed with black hairs. Anther of the front petal
barren.

Holosericeum. 1^- E. caule decumbcnte : foliis 6-9 lineas latis ; 4-6 poUices

longis, lineari-lanceolatis, marginatis, adultis pubescentibus, un-
dulatis : bracteis valde holosericeis ; superioribus spatulatis fim-
bria atro-purpured. densissimi.
^ Protea speciosa patens. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 543. cum Ic. pa-

rum natural!. Velvety Erodendrum.
A low decumbent shrub, discovered by Mr. J. Niven, iu dry

iVWrndm/).] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PR0TE£.^. 41

rocky parts of the mountains near IP'ildc Rivier. It is hardy,
and not so difficult to increase by cuttings, as many. Leaves 6
to 9 lines broad, 4 to 6 inches long, linear-lanceolate, marginated,
still pubescent when old, waved. Bractes exceedingly velvety ;
upper ones yellowish, spatulated, very thickly fringed with dark
purple hairs.

15. E. foliis 1-1-;- pollicem latis, 5-y longis, ellipticis, marginatis, LorifoUum,
adultis vix lievibus: bracteis tomentosis, superioribus tloribua
brevioribus, spatulatis, villis aliquot purpureis fimbriatis.
Thoug-leaved £rodemlriim.

One of the grander species, discovered by Mr. J. Niven near

Attatjuas Kloof, in loamy soil. Stem 5 to 8 feet high. Leaves 1

to l^- inch broad, 5 to 9 long, elliptic, marginated, scarcely smooth

I when old. Bractes cottony ; upper ones shorter than the flowers,

spatulated, fringed with a few dull purple hairs.

!6. E. foliis \\-Z pollices latis, 2-3 longis, ovalibns basi valde Eximium;
retusA, marginatis, adultis vix Isvibus: bracteis sericcis; superiori-
bus spatulatis, minute fimbriatis: petalis barbigeris.

Fine Erodendrum.

This was discovereil by Mr. J. Niven, both in low and elevat-
ed parts of the Zwartberg mountains, and is now flowering in
Messrs. Lee and Kennbdt's nursery. Stem 5 to 8 feet high.
Leaves l^' to 2 inches broad, 2 to 3 long, oval with a very retuse
base, marginated, scarcely smooth when old. Bractes silky; upper
ones spatulated, minutely fringed. Petals bearded with purple hairs.

17. E. foliis \-\\ polliccm latis, I5-4 longis, cordatis, niarginat- Coronarium,
is, adultis fere glabris: bracteis tomentosis; superioribus spatulatis,
minute fimbriatis: petalis tomentosis.

Garland Erodendrum.

4%

ON THE CULTIVATION OP

XErodendrum.

Introduced at Kew in 1790, from seeds collected by Mr. F.
Masson, near Groot Hout Hoek. Leaves 1 to l| inch broad) 1^
to 4 long, heart-shaped, marginated, almost glossy when old.
Bractes cottony; upper ones spatulated, minutely fringed. Petals
cottony.

Fprmowm; 18. £. foliis l-lf poUicem latis, 4-6 longis, ellipticis, marginatis>

adultis vix laevibus : bracteis divergentibus ; superioribus spatula-
tis, minute fimbriatis : petalts tomentosis.

Protea coronata. Andr. in Bot. Rep.ft. 469« cum Ic. £. Formo-
sum. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 76. cum. Ic. Handsome Erodendrum.

Like E. Mellifluum and E. Pulckellum, this ^ecies produces an
uncommon quantity of honey ; and from seeing that liquid often
drop from the callous part of the filament immediately under the
anthers, I concluded that it was secreted there. A careful ex-
amination of young flowers however shews, that it only flows from
the 4 callous bodies at the base of the Pistillum, though so abun^
dantly as to deluge the whole Head. Leaves 1 to 14 inch broad,
4 to 6 long, elliptic, marginated, scarcely smooth when old. Bractes
diverging ; upper ones spatulated, minutely fringed. Petals cot-
tony.

** Flares in Capitulo subrotundo.

Ctrandiftorum, ig. R foliis 1-14 pollicem latis, 3-5 longis, glaucis, obcuneato*

lanceolatis basi inferiorum retusiusculi, lasvibus : bracteis spatu*
latis: petalis tomentosis.

Protea grandiflora. Tliunb. Diss. n. 6l. Lepidocarpodendron,
&c. Boerh. Hart. Lugdb. 2. p. 183. cum Ic. Waagenboom Bata--
vis. Large-flowered Erodendrum.

A tree, with a stem sometimes 3 feet in diameter, but including
its branches only 20 feet high. It yet grows wild at the foot of
the mountains near Cape Town, also near Oliphants Riviery and in

Erodendrum.] THE NATURAL ORDER OV PROTEE^E. 4S

Konde BockevelJt, so that it is very hardy. In cultivating it here
however, the pot should be particularly well drained, and the soil
light loam mixed with pieces of sandstone. By this treatment
and rubbing the flowers together, to promote the action of the
Pollen, it will ripen seed with us plentifully. Leaves 1 to li-inch
broad, 3 to 3 long, glaucous ; obcuncate-lanceolate, lower ones
generally refuse at the base, hardly marginated, smooth. Upper
Bractes spatulated. Petals cottony.

20. E. caule decumbente, valde, tumido : foliorum pctiolo longo; Cynarafia-
lamind suborbiculari, glabrS : bracteis superioribus cuneatis. ruttii

Protea cynaroides. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 770. cum Ic. Protea
cynaroides. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. QQ9. cum Ic. Protea cynaroides.
Thunb. Diss. n. 59. Protea cynaroides. Linn. Mant. p. 196. I.,e-
pidocarpodendron, &c. Boerk. Hort. LugUb. 2./). 184. cum Ic.
Artichoke-flowered Erodcndrum.

This is a decumbent shrub, singular from its thick branches
Bevelled in cross folds. It grows wild on Tafelberg, the mountains
near Platte Kloof, as well as in Roode Zand; is very hardy here*
only requiring protection from intense frost, and may be propa-
gated by cuttings. Leaves green ; Petiole long ; Lamina almost
orbicular, smooth. Upper Bractes wedge-shaped.

21. E. foliis confertis; lamini 1-3 pollices latS, 7-12 longA, Scolopendrii/o-
anguste lanceolatA, marginatft, adulti fere glabra, lepanduhl; Hum;
bracteis cuneatis.

Heart's-tongue-leaved Erodcndrum.

From the dry sides of hills at IVinter Jloek, where it was dii-
covered by Mr. J. Niven. Leaves crowded, and the stem so
short that they appear radical, shortly petiolated ; Lamina 1 to
fi inches broad, 7 to 12 long, narrowly lanceolate, marginated, al-
most smooth when old, somewhat repand. Bractes wedge-shaped.

22. E. foliis confertis; laminl 7-12 lineas lata, 4-7 pollices Ion- Caspilosum •

44 ON THE CULTIVATION OF . lEr^demlrum.

g&, anguste lanceolate, vix marginatA, adultd scabrd, undulatd :
petalis longissime barbatis.

Protea caespitosa. Jndr. in Bot. Rep. n. 526. cum Ic. E. Turbini-
florum. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 108. cum Ic. Turfy Erodendrum.

The name ofCaspitosum was suggested for this species by Mr. J.
NiVEN, and is so applicable, that it would have been adopted in
the Paradisus Londinensis^ had the author known that circum-
stance. It was discovered on the mountains near Boshiesmans
Paty in black moist soil. Leaves crowded near the root, shortly
petiolated ; Lamina 7 to 12 lines broad, 4 to 7 inches long, nar-
rowly lanceolate, scarcely marginated, rough when old, waved.
Petals bearded with very long hairs.

»

Radulafoliumf S3. E. foliis confertis, S-5 lineas latis, 5-8 poUices longis, anguste

spatulatis^ obtusissimis, adultis scabris, subtus concaviusculis.

Rasp-leaved Erodendrum.

No place of growth was mentioned by Mr. J. Niven, on the
paper containing the seeds of this species, nor have any of the
nnmerous plants raised from them yet flowered here. Leaves
crowded near the root, 3 to 5 lines broad, 5 to 8 inches long,
narrowly spatulated, very obtuse, rough when old, their under side
somewhat concave.

Scorxofierafc^ 24. E. foliis confertis, 14-2 lineas latis, 6-9 pollices longis, cae-
hum^ siis, ligularibus, acutis, adultis scabris, subtus concavis : bracteis

spatulatis : petaHs lanuginosis.

Protea repens. Thimb. Diss. n. 38. Leucadendron repens. Linn.
Sp. PL ed. 2. p. 1 35. Lepidocarpodendron, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb.
2. p. 190. cum Ic. Scorzonera-leaved Erodendrum.

This species is found wild abundantly in the sandy plains near
Constantia. Stem very short. Leaves crowded, l-J- to 2 lines
broad, 6 to 9 inches long, gray, strap-shaped, acute, rough when
old, their under side concave. Bractes spatulated. Petals woolly.

Erodmdrum.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEliiE. *5

25. E. foliis confertis, ^ lincffi latis, 4-7 poUicea longis, viridi- StaticiJ'ohum,
bus, sublinearibus, acutis, adultiit scabriusculis, subtus concavis :

bracteis spatulatis : petalis lanuginosis.

Thrift-leaved Erodendrum.

The leaves of this species, discovered by Mr. J. Niven in Hot'^
tentots Holland, are dark green, tinged with red where most ex-
posed to the sun : they are crowded on a very short stem, only
^tlis of a line broad, 4 to 7 inches long, almost linear, acute,
rough when old, their under side concave. Bractea spatulated.
Petals woolly.

26. E. foliis confertis, i lineam latis, 5-8 pollices Jongis, cBEsiis, "'"i/^wuw,
fere cylindraceis, obtusis, adultis Ixvibus : bracteis cuneatis : peta-
lis tomentosis.

Pine-leaved Erodendrum.

Very common on the mountains near French Hock, where Mr.
J. Niven discovered it, and easily distinguished from the other
dwarf species related to it, by having the sides of its leaves so
[ piuch recurved, as to be nearly cylindrical ; they are crowded,
only t a line broad, 5 to 8 inches long, gray, obtuse, smooth when
old. Bractea wedge-shaped. Petals cottony, not woolly.

27- E. foliis confertis, f lineam latis, 6-9 pollices longis, viridi- RtstlomjoU-
bus, linearibus, obtusiusculis, adultis scabris, subtus concavis : '

bracteis spatulatis : petalis valde hirsutis.

Restio-leavcd Erodendrum.

A rare species, tliscovered by Mr. J. Niven, on dry barren
mountains at Urantfiy. Stem short. Leaves crowded, 4 a line
broad, 5 to J) Indies long, green, linear, somewhat obtuse, rough
when old, their under side concave. Bractes dark red, spatulated.
Petals very hairy.

40 ON THE COLTtVATlON OP lEndakhm

Pawiiflarum ; 28. £. caule erecto : ibiiis 1*14. Uneam latts, i-Si poUiees longis,

spatulato-lanceolatis^ acutu^ adultis lasvibus, subtus concavis:
bracteis spatulatis : petalis birsutb.

Protea canaliculata. Haworth in Bot. Rep. n. 437. cum Ic.
Paeony-flowered Erodendnrai.

Nearly allied to the preceding species, but much taller, and its
leaves very different : they are 1 to 14^ line broad, 2 to 3^ inches
long, spatulated-lanceolate, acute, smooth when old, their under
side concave. Bractes spatulated. Petals hairy. Cuttings of it will
strike root with care, and it is a beautifid plant when in blossom.

LongifoHum ^9- ^- <^^"1^ decumbente: foliis 2-S lineas latis, 5-8 poUices

longls, lineari-lanceolatis, acutiusculis, adultis lasvibus, supra con*
cavis : bracteis ultimis retusis.

Protea Longifolia. Salisb, Par. Lond. n. 37. cum Ic. Long-leaved
Erodendrum.

From the mountains of Langc Kloof j where Mr. F. Masson dis-
covered it in dry stony places, and gjave it the name here retained
Stem decumbpnt. Leaves 2 to 3 lines broad, 5 to 8 inches long,
gray, linear-lanceolate, rather acute, smooth when old, their upper
side concave. Bractes of the last series retuse.

Fatidunif 30. E. caule decumbente : foliis 5-8 lineas latis, 5-6 pollices lon-
gis, spatulato-lanceolatis, obtusis, adultis lasvibus, planis : bracteis
ultimis retusis. ^

E. Tenax. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 70. cum Ic. Foetid Eioden-

drum.

Another species from Lange Kloof but confined to the foot of
the mountains, where Mr. J. Niven discovered it. Stem decum-
bent. , Leaves 5 to 8 lines broad, 5 to 6 inches long, spatulated-
lanceolate, obtuse, smooth when old, flat. Flowers exhaling a
most unpleasant smell, like that of Trillium Fcetidum. Bractes of

the last series retuse.

.9

Endendrum.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. 47

31. E. caule breTissimo: foIHs v-S poUices latU, 5-9 longis, ob- Lmor^oUutnf
cuneato-lanceolatis, parum marginatis, glabris : bracteis ultimis
I obtusis : pericarpio longissimo.

Variat. a. Folia 4- pollicem lata, 6-9 longa.
e. Folia !-2 pollices lata, 3-6 longa.

Protea acaulis. Tfttinb. Diss. n. 49. Leucadendron
acaule. Linn. Sp. PL ed. 2. p. 135. Lepidocarpo-
dendron, &c. Boerk. Hort. Lugdb. ^.p. 191. cum Ic.
Sea- Lave uder-Ieaved Erodendrum.

The first of these varieties was discovered by Mr. J. Nivek,
near Groot Hout Hoek, Hpon the mountains, and it may possibly
be a real species : the second grows wild abundantly at the foot of
Tafdberg. Stem short. Leaves of a lively green, -^ to Q inches
broad, 5 to 9 long, obcuneate-lanceolate, somewhat niarginated,
glossy. Bractes of the last series obtuse. Pericarpium very long.

2. E. caule humifuso : foiiis l-lf pollicem latis, 5-14 longis, Glancopkyl-
glaucis, secundis, spatulato-lanceolatis, laevibus, subtua concavis: lum.;
bracteis ultimis obtusia.

Variat. a. Folia 4-6 pollioes longa.

Protea glaucopbylla. Salisb. Par. Loud. n. II. cum Ic.
exclusis synonymis.
0. Folia 9-14 pollices longa.

Glaucous-leaved Erodendrum.

The leaves of several dwarf Erodmtdrums are resupinated, their
nerves being'more prominent on the surface exposed to the light,
a character particularly conspicuous in this species, which was
discovered by Mr. J. Niven, in moist places near Roode Zand Cas-
cade. Stem and branches spreading flat upon the ground. Leaves
1 to 14- inch broad, 8 to 14 long, glaucous, all inclined upwards,
spatulated-Ianccolate, smooth, their under side concave. Bractes
of the last series obtuse.

\

4« . ON THE €3ULT£\^AT£0N OF .. [EroJendrum.

SicoHftnifloruriii. - 53* £. foliis 1|^ lineas latis, l^-^2polliceslongis,«glauciSy spatu-

lato-lanceolatis, acute mucronatlsy lesvibus : bracteis reclinatisy cu-
• neato-ellipticis, rare fimbriatis.

Protea Scolymus, Sims in Bot. Mag^fu 698. cum Ic. Protea
Scolymus. Schrad. Serf, ffann. p, 4. /. SO. Protea Scolymus.
Thifftb. Diss. n. 36. Leucadendron scolymocephalum. Linn.
Sp.Pl. ed. i.p. 135. Lepidocarpodendron, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb.
2. p. 192. cum Ic. ScolymusTflowered Erodendrum.

Introduced in 1780, from seeds collected by Colonel Paterson,
near Jlgerberg^ which ripen alsp here. Jt is hardy in respect to
cold, birt will not bear damp. Leaves Ij. to 2iines broad 14- to 2
inched long, glaucous, spatulated-lanceolat^, sharply mucronated,
smooth. Bractes elliptic, wedge-shape-reclined, thinly fringed.

Mucronifoli-' 34. £. foliis l-fi lineas latis, 1-2 poUices longis, glaucis, lineari-
^^9 attenuatis, acute mucronatis, laevibus : bracteis albidis, anguste
cuueatis, integerrimis.

Protea Mucronifolia. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 500. cum Ic. Protea
Mucronifolia. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 933. cum Ic. Protea Mucroui*
folia. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 24. cum Ic. .

I

Dagger-leaved Erodendrum.

From the sandy plains near Berg Rivier^ where it was discovered
by Mr. J. Niven. This is a more tender species, requiring a
drier air than many others, and when the l|eads of Flowers decay,
they should be cut off* with^ sharp knife, otherwise the branch
often ro.ts down to the next below : but if the weather is fine,
and you see no appearance of decay at the bottom of the Heads,
such may be left to stand their chance of ripening seeds. Slem
about 3 feet high. Leaves of seedling plants near the bottom of
the stem short and broad, like those of Ruscus but veiy glaucous,
afterwards gradually narrower and longer, 1 to 2 lines only broad,

m

1 to 2 inches long, linearattenuated, sharply mucronated, smooth.
Bractes whitish, narrowly wedge-shaped, very entire.
I

Pieuranihe.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. 49

35. E. foliis S-3 lineas latis, l-I-J- poUicem longis, glaucis, den- Halimifolium;
sis, spatulato-lanceolatis, acutiusculis, laevibus : capitulo cernuo :

bracteis Isevibus.

Halimus-pleaved Erodendrum.

One of the rarest species yet known, discovered by Mr. F.
Masson. Stem 9, and 3 feet high, much branched Leaves 2 to
3 lines broad, 1 to 14- inch long, glaucous, close to one another,
spatulated-lanceolate^ somewrhat acute^ smooths Heads of Flow
ers cernuous. Bractes smooth*

36. £. foliis |.-^ linear latis, 6-^ longis, linearibus, ancipitibus^ Acuifolium,
acute mucronatis: capitulo cernuo: bracteis badio-puniceis, ci-

liatis.

Pro tea rosacea. Smith Ex. Bot. v. Up. 85. t. 44. optima, pr«-
ter colorem bractearum. Protea Acuifolia. Salisb. Par. Lond. n.
2. cum Ic. malA. Protea nana. Thunb. Diss. n. 29. Protea rosa-
cea. Linn. Mant. p. 189. Leucadendron nanum. Berg. PL Cap.
p. 22. Condphoros capensis, &c. Pet. Gaz. dec. 3. t. 25. y. 7.
Needle-leaved Erodendrum.

A native of dry mountains near Roode Zand Cascade^ flowering
here from April to July^ and ripening seeds, if the flowers are ex-
posed to Bees. Stem decumbent. Leaves -J. to ^s of a line broad,
6 to 9 long, linear, so prominent on both surfaces as to be two-
edged, sharply mucronated. Heads of flowers cernuous. Bractes
chesnut- crimson, ciliated.

. Pleuranthe. Satisb.

Flores in Capitulis, e vetusto Flowers in lateral Heads from
caule lateralibus. Petala in Labia the old stem. Petals cohering
2, post anthesin apice deflexa, into -2 Lips, their top bent down,

H

X OS THE CULTI\'ATION OF IPtatrmUie.

sKtico aBcusto, cobjErcntxa. Cac- front one narrow. Other parts
a at in Endain. Fmticts^ as in Erodendrum. Shrubs Jiaw-
sapiM4 kamizcri; f^iis simpti- cring near the graundj with sim^
d&iu, f€riSKgy4tis Ututimisct. pie leaves^ very narrow or broad.
The name is derived trom two Greek words, sXiu^ and oi^oo-, ex-
pressing the most essential character of this genus.

S^bul^t^lidy 1. p. foliis 4- linear latis« l:^-« poilices longis, Tiridibus, linearis

bus. teretiuscuUs subms conca\*is, giabris.

AwWeaved Pleurxnthe,

From the mountaios near the River Zonder End, where it was
dk^»vered bv Mr. J. Xitbx. Stem divided near the root, into
ntany k>n^ bninche:^^ Leaves 4^ a line broad, 14^ to 2 inches long,
green^ linear, roundish, their under side hollow, glossy.

jErtiw/Win: «. P. Mii* i Hue* latiss l-U pollicem longis, parum glaucis^

linearibu:^^ tenfliujculis. supra canaliculatis, la^vibus.
Ilealh-lejiv^rtl Pleuranthe.

CVutouudctl with the preceding in some herbariums, but quite
dUlim^t. and di^>nerefl long ago by Mr. F. Massox, in Zwellen-
nhm. I beliew it ha* never been in our gardens. Stem exceed-
ingly branched, wveretl with (knvers to 9 feet in height from the
bt^tlxMn. I.eax^ 4. a line brt^d, I to U ii^ch long, somewhat
)tUuiHHi^ linear. n*undish> channelled on the upper side, quite

«UUH>th.

<Uh*I{I\^Im i % \\ t\v||i* \ ;.-c;. linra* Uti», S-3 poilices longis, viridibus, sub-

liurrti'lKu!*. l»»»l phis numw <Hlat«tft adnatis, plants.

V\y\WVi luuuitlora. .#W»\ «« Bot, Rep. n. 532. cum. Ic. bond.
\\\m\ Iruvril IMcumuthe.

Till* iptHMoa >v«« Uwcovcuxl in Hottentots Holland, by Mr. J.
Nl VKN, «u<l U i^lrtiiuly iQQiuiuou in our collections, growing freely

Pleuranthe.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. dl

from cuttings, and thriving in almost any soit. Stem flowering
uot only near the ground, but higher up. Leaves 14- to 34- lines
broad, 2 to 3 inches long, green, nearly linear, more or leas
dilated at their insertion so as to be occasionally somewhat has-
tate, flat,

4. P. foliis 6-9 lineas latis, 14-'2t poUices longls, glaucis, incur- BupleurifoUa,
vo-patentibus, obcuneato-lanceolatis, undulatis.

IJupleuruin-leaved Pleuranthe.

I have not seen the Flowers of this shrub, raised only last yeax
from seeds sent by Mr. J. Niven : from its habit however, it pro-
bably belongs to this genus rather than Erodendrum. Stem already
branching horizontally near tlie root. Leaves (i to 9 lines broad,
1-i to 24- inches long, glaucous, iiicurved-spreading, obcuneate-lan-
ceolate, waved.

5. P. foliis 1-2 poUices latls, 2-24- longis, glaucjs, ainplcxicauli- Amplexkan-
bus, cordatis, acute mucrunatis, undulatis. *'* •

Protea repens. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 453. cum Ic. pra;ter flores
bona. Erodendrum Aniplexicaule. Salisb. Par, Loud. 67. cum Ic.
optimS. Amplexicaulc Pleuranthe.

For this also we are indebted to the labours of Mr. J. NivjeMj
who discovered it on the mountains of Hottentots Holland, in
loamy soil. Branches long, trailing upon the ground, or other
shrubs. Leaves 1 to 2 inches broad, 2 to 24- long, glaucous, em-
brafing the stem, heart-sh^pcil, sharply mucronate, waved.

6. P. foliis 3-1 pollices latis, 34-2 longis, glaucis, cordatis, ob- Cordifolia.
tusis, vix undulatis, ab inio maxiuio sensim diininutis.

Protea cordsta. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 649. cum Ic. Protea cor-
data. Kenn. in Bot. liep. n. 2. 89. cum Ic. Protea cordata. Tkunb-
Diss. «. bO. t. 5,f. I. Ueart-lcaved Pleuranthe.

Introduced in 1792, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, from the

52 ON TH E CULTIVATION OF [Leucadtndrum.

mountains of Hottentots Hollandj where Sir C. P. Thunberg dis-
covered it. Stem divided near the ground, into short slender
branches. Leaves 3 to 1 inch broad, 34- to 2 long, glaucous^
heart-shaped, obtuse, scarcely waved, gradually smaller from the
bottom one, which is largest. In our greenhouses, it is liable to
suffer from damp more than cold, and therefore should not be
crowded among tall plants. Cuttings of it strike root easily, and
the seeds also ripen here.

Leucadendrum. Linn.

Flores in Capitulo 1, pluribus- Flowers in 1 or more clustered,
ve glomeratis, terminalibus. terminal Heads. A single Bracte
Bractea 1 inter singulos praeter to each, besides gemmaceous
gemmaceas, rigidae. Petalain La- ones, rigid. Petals variously co-
bium 1 vel 2, post anthesin apicc herrng into 1 or 2 Lips, their
deflexa, antico angustd, varie co- top bent down after the anthers
hserentia. Pericarpium 1-sper- burst, fiont one narrow. Pericar-
mum, ventricosum, pergamine- pium 1 -seeded, ventricose, like
um. Stylus tandem deciduus. parchment. Style finally deci-
FruticeSj plerique eani. Folia duous. Shrubs^ generally hoary,
simplicia, integerHma^ vel apice Leaves simple^ quite entire^ or
stBpius 3'9'dentata. oftener S-Q-dentate at the top.

The name of Leucadendrum has been given to this genus by
LiNNE, with peculiar propriety, so many species corresponding
to the title ; and in his Pralectiones^ he explains clearly how it
differs from Protea.

* Labium anticum sub antheras, vel 1 latere, reliquis coharens.

Fallax, 1. L. foliis 1-2 lineas latis, 2-3t poUices longis, ligularibus, in-
tegerrimis, adultis Icevibus, aliis planis, aliis lateribus involutis.
1

Leucadendrwn.'] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. 53

Protea linearis. Thunb. Diss. n. 35. t. 4.yi 2. Fallacious Leu-
cadendrum.

Few names could have been more absurd, than the one hitherto
given to this species, nor is Thun berg's specific character con-
sistent in this respect, with his description : for, though he has
a section ^^foliis linearibusy' he inserts it under another, " foliis
ellipticisy'' there calling them elliptica. He discovered it in the
dry sandy plains near Paarl, where it flowers in October. Stem
slender, 3 or 4 feet high, generally erect. Leaves 1 to 2 lines
broad, 2 to 34- inches long, strap-shaped like the petals of many
sungeneseous plants, quite entire, smooth when old, some flat,
others so much rolled in at their sides, as to appear of a different
shape, though really not so.

2. L. foliis 3-4 lineas latis, 1-14^ pollicem longis, elliptico-lance- Horizontale^
olatis, plerisque integerrimis, adultis laevibus : petalis post anthe-

sin extensis.

Protea totta, Thunb. Diss. n. 54. Protea totta. Linn. Mant. p.
191. Horizontal Leucadendrum.

A slender shrub with horizontal branches, growing wild near
Roode Zand Cascade, in moist ground. Leaves 3 to 4 lines broad,
1 to It inch long, elliptic-lanceolate, generally quite entire,
smooth when old. Petals remaining extended below the anthers
after these burst, though bent down at their tops, as in the other
species of this genus.

3. L. foliis 4-7 lineas latis, \\ri pollices longis, ellipticis basi Ellipticum^
retusA, plerisque 3-dentatis, adultis lajvibus : bracteis superioribus

fere loevibus.

Protea elliptica. Thu7ib. Diss. n. 15. Elliptic Leucadendrum.

This species grows wild plentifully near Jacjcall Flybergy and
is a still paler shrub than the preceding. Leaves 4 to 7 lines broad^
]j to 2. inches long, elliptic with a retuse base^ generally S-den*

54 ON THC CULTIVATION OF ll^vea^m^nim.

tate, smooth when old in wild specimens. Upper Bractes almost
smooth. It flowered at Clapham in 1 805, and may be increased
by cuttings.

Cordifolium, 4. L. foliis i-1 pollicem latis, 1-? longis, cordatis, integerrimis

3-dentatisque, adultis glabris, valde coriaceis : bracteis superiori-
bus tomentosis.

HeartJeaved Leucadendrum.

A shrub with a round head, 4 and 5 feet high, discovered by Mr.
J. NiVEK, near Groot Hout Hoek. Leaves -J- to 1 inch broad 1 to 2
long, heart-shaped, both quite entire and 3-dentate, glossy when

old, \try leathery. Upper Bractes cottony.

• *

FomnMum 5. L. foliis 4^-1 pollicem latis, 2-3 longis, lanceolatis, integerri-
mis paucisque 3-dentatis, pubescentibus : petalis un4 fissur^ tan-
tum discretis.

Protea Formosa. Kenn. in Boi. Rep. n. 17. cum Ic. optimA.
Protea tomentosa. Salisb. Prod. p. 48. Handsome Leucadendron.

Introduced into the collection, formerly at Chapel A Her ton in
1784, by Mr, J. Mulder, where itafterwards flowered, and ripen-
ed seeds. Stem 5 feet high. Leaves 4. to 1 inch broad, 2 to 3
long, lanceolate, quite entire and a few 3-dentate, pubescent-
Petals separated only by a single fissure, in which it differs from
every other species known to me.

Grandifiorum; 6. L. foliis 5-9 lineas latis, 2-3 poUices longis, anguste lanceo-
latis, 3-dentatis paucisque integerrimis, adultis pubescentulis : stig-
mate longe clavato.

L. Grandiflorum. Salisb. Par. Lond. n. 116. cum Ic. minime
bon&. Great flowered Leucadendrum.

A shrub 5 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Niven on the dry
sides of mountains near Paarl^ where it flowers in September^ ri-
pening seeds ^boMt Christmas. It requires plenty of air here, nor

Leueadmdrtm.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEK^.

will any species of this genus bear to be crowded by other plants.
Leaves 5 to 9 lines broad, 2 to 3 inches long, not so white as in
X. Formosum.naiTTowly lanceolate, 3-dentate and a few quite entire,
somewhat pubescent when old in wild specimens, and still more
so in this country.

7. L. foiiis Si-6 lineas latis, 24*3^ pollices longis, anguste spa- PhyllaHihifo-
tulato-lanceolatis, plerisque 3-dentati8, submarginalis, adultis vix Hum,

Ixvibus : stylo valde 4-anguIo.

Phyllanthus-Ieaved Leucadendrum.

From dry elevated places in Zwdlendam, where Mr, J. Niven
discovered it. Leaves S^ to 6 lines broad, 9.\ to 3j inches long,
narrowly spatulate-lanceolate, most of them 3-dentate, rarely quite
entire or 5-dcntate, very slightly marginated, hardly quite smooth
when old. Style exceedingly 4-angular.

8- L. foiiis j-\ pollicem latis, 2j-»t longis, obcuneato-ellipticis, Cervinnm,
5-9-dentatis, submarginatis, adultis pubescentibus: stylo crasso.

Stag's 1 lorn-leaved Leucadendruni.

This species was also riiscovercd by Mr. J, Niven, in the more
elevated rocky p-dvtsoi' Zu-elle?i<iam, wliere it grows 4 and 5 feet high.
Leaves 4- to 1 inch broad, 24- to 34 long, obcuncate-eliiptic, 5-9-den-
tate, slightly marginated, a little pubescent when old. Style
thick.

9. L. foiiis I-I4 pollicem latis, 24-34 longis, obcuneato-ovali- Crassicauh :
bus, 5-9-dentatis, pubescentibus, nervosis : stigmate anguste co-
nico.

Protca conocarpa. Thunb. Diss. n. 14. L. Conocarpodendron.
Lirni. Sp.P/.ed.^.p.l56. Conocarpodendron, &c. Boerh, ffort.
LugdO. 2. p. 19s. cum Ic, Leiicadendros, Africana, &c. Plukn.
Aim. t. £00. J. 2. Thick-stcumied Leucadendrum.

A handsome shrub, 4-5 feet high, with a thick stem very much

S6 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ILeuaukndnmL

branched. It grows wild in rocky places near Cape Town, and
has been introduced many years, but never flowers here. The
only treatment I can recommend is to give it a very large pot,
filled with light loam Jbetween thin angular pieces of sandstone,
and expose it to all the sun and air possible, pruning away a few
of the smaller branches when very close to each other. Leaves
1 to 14. inch broad, 2^ to 34- long, obcuueate-oval, 5-9-dentate,
pubescent, nerved. Stigma narrowly coijicaL Cuttings of it
grow readil}'.

*• Labium anticum sub a?itheras discrctum^ dorsale parum
^ 5-Jiduni.

BclUdifolium ; 10. L. caule decumbente : foliis 2^-4 lineas latis, 1 poUiceni

longis, recurvis, late spatulatis, integerrimis paucisque 3-dentatis,
adultis fere la>vibus : stylo valde arcuato.

Daisy-leaved Leucadendrum.

Tlie seeds of this were sent by Mr. J. Niven, without mention-
ing where he collected them, nor have I met w^ith it in any her-
barium, but it has lately flowered at the Maiquis of Blandford's.
Stem decumbent. Leaves 24- to 4 lines broad, 1 inch long, re-
curved, broadly spatulated, quite entire and some few 3-dentate,
almost smooth when old. Style exceedingly arched.

Hypophyllunif IL L. caule decumbente : foliis 24^-4 lineas latis, 24-4 pollices

longisi anguste obcuneatis, 3-5-dentatis, adultis plus minus tomen-
tosis : biacteis latissimis.

Protea Hypophylla. Thunb. Diss n. 16. Protea hypophyllocar-
podendron. Linn. ManL p. I9I. L. Hypophyllocarpodendron,
Linn. Sp. PL ed. 2. p- 136. Protea foliis, &c. 3-dentato-caIlosis.
Linn. Hort. Cliff, p. 29. Conocarpodendron, &c. Boerh. Hort.
Lugdb. 2. /;. 198. cum Ic. Hypophyllous Leucadendrum.

From this species, Linne first established the genus, but he^

teucadendrum.l THE NATURAL ORDER OP PROTEEAi.

has applied Boehhaave's long name of HypophiiHocarpodendron to
it, contrary to his own rule, as the latter botanist only distinguished
by that title, such species as have axillary flowers, and which in
fact constitute a legitimate genus: in strict justice therefore,- the
name ought to be restored to one of them. It grows wild abuti-
dantly in the dry sandy plains behind Tafelberg. Stem decumbent.
Leaves 2-i- to 4 lines broad, 24- to 4 inches long, narrowly obcune-
SLte, 3-dentate and sometimes 5-dentate, more or less cottony when
old. liractes very broad. It may be propagated by cuttings, as
has been already mentioned.

12. L. caule tomentoso : follis 1^-2^ lineas latis, l|-2 polHces Tomentosum,
longis, admodum parum obcuneatis, 3-dentatis, toraentosis : brac-
teis angustis. ' "' '" '**'- "^'

Protea tomentosa. Tbutib. Diss. u. 18. auctoritate ejus speci-
minis. Cottony Leucadendrum.

A common shrub in the sandy plains. pear Cape Ton-n. Stem
erect, cottony. Leaves 1^ to 2^ lines broad, i^^ to 2 inche.s long,
a very little obcuneate, 3-dentate, cottony. Bractes narrow.

13. L. caule villoso : foHis lv-2-J- lineas latis, 1^ poHicem longis, Farik.
linearibus, brevissime 3-dentatis, tomentosis : bracteis superJori-
bus dorso l^vibus.

Matched Leucadendrum. ',' " ■*

Nearly allied to the preceding species, but hardly a mere variety ;
for the leaves are constantly as broad a little above their base, as
tt their middle; whereas in i. Tomentosum, thcy-are gradually
attenuated from their middle towards their base, and more deep-
ly 3-dcntate. Mr. J. NivEN discovered it neat P(7rt;rfeAerg- in
sandy soil. Stem, besides its short cottony pubescence, villous
with fine long hairs, LeaVes 14- to 2-^ lines broad. If inch long
linear, very shortly 3-denta!te, cottony and still whiter than in L.
Tbmentosttm. Upper Bractes externally smooth, . * "^ f .Utanj
I 1

» ON THE CULTIVATION OF . ILeiuadetuhm

Rodolentum; 14. L. caule villoso: foliis 4-6 lineas latis, If-S poUices longis^

spatulatis, 3-dentatis paucisque integecrimis^ topientosis ; filamen-
Us valde promiiientibus.

Protea caHdicaHs. . Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 294. cum Ic. Rose-
scented Leucadendrum.

Introduced by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy in 17flO, but I be^
lieve the ficst time it flowered in this, country was KtClapham^ in
1802. Stem 5 feet high, ei^ct, villous as in Z. Parile. Leaves 4t
to 6 lines broad, Lf to & inches long^.spatulated, S-dentate, some
few 5-dentate or quite entire, cottony. Filaments where they
run down exceedingly prominent.

Crinifi^rum i 14- L. foliis 2t-5 lineas latis, 1-lf pollicem longis, densis, el-

lipticis, integerrimis 3-r)entatis retusisque, adultis nunc Isevibus,.
nervosis : capitulo subsessili.

Protea criniflora. Linn.SuppLp. 17. Protea crinita. Thunb.Diss.
n. 13. L. olesefolium. Berg. PL Cap. p. 15. Hair-flowered Leu-
cadendrum.

A low erect shrub, growing wild on the high mountams near
Gonkcr HoeL Stem m\ich branched. Leaves vai-ying in size in-
dentures and pubescence, sometimes smooth when old, if to 4
lines broad, 1 to If inch long, close to one another, elliptic, quite
entire, 3-dentate and retuse, nerved. Head of Flowers almost
sessile.

Saxatile, 16. L cauTe decumbente: foKis l-Lf lineam latis^ l-li pollicem
longis, raris, parum obcuneatis, integerrimis paucisque S-dentatis^
adultis Iseviusculis^: stylo angusto.
Rock Leucadendrum.

A decumbent shrub, growing wild on the dry rocks near Groot
RivieTf where Mr. J. Niven discovered it Leaves 1 to If line
broad, 1 to li inchlongi distant from one another, somewhat obcur
1 ,

Leucadendrum.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^E. 59

neate, quite entire and a few 3-toothed, nearly smooth when old.
Style narrow.

17. L. caule decumbente : foliis 1-14- lineam latis, 4-7 longis, Gracile:
raris, linearibus, integerriniis, pubescentibus: bracteis brevibus:
styfo angusto.

Slender Leucadendrum.

This is also a decumbent species, but with shorter and more
slender brandies than the preceding. Mr. J. Niven discovered
it on the mountains near Klein Rivier, In great abundance. Leaves
I to It line broad, 4 to 7 If>ng, distant from one another, linear^
quite entire, pubescent. Bractes short. Style narrow.

*** Labium anticum sub antheras discretum, dorsale profunde 3-

Jidum. ■■>'•' "

18. L. foliis lf-2 lincas latis, I-lf poUicem longis, lineari-lanceo- Glomi^orum,
latis, sspe falcatis, integerrimis, adultis vix Ifevibus: capitulis
longiuscule pedunculatia.

Ball-flowered Leucadendrum,

Mr. J. NivKN found this species on the sandy hillocks near
Groot Hoiit Hock : it is a low decumbent shrub with slender
branches. Leaves 1^ to 2 lines broad, 1 to \i inch long, linear-
lanceolate, often falcate, quite entire, a little pubescent when old.
Heads of Flowers large, upon rather long peduncles.

19. L. foliis lt-2 lineas latis, 5-7 loDgis, densiusculis, lanceo- Royenafoti-^
latis, integerrimis, acutiusculis, adultis fere lievibus: stigmate urn;
late clavato.

Royena-leaved Erodendrum.

This is also a small decumbent shrub, discovered by Mr. J.
NivEX upon Diti/ve/sliOp, and consequently liardy. Leaves 1^ to
3 lines broad, 5 to 7 long, rather cli;>sc to one another, lanceolate,

Ho ON THE CULTIVATION OF iLeucadendmrn.

quite entire, somewhat acute, almost smooth when old Sligma
broadly club-shaped.

Xeranthemifo^ 20. L. foliis If^a lineas latis, ff-8 longis, densiusculis^ lanceola-
Uumy to-cuneatis, integerrimis, obtusis, adultis vix Isevibus: stigmate

late conico.

Xeranthcmum-leaved Leucadendrum.

An erect shrub 6 and 7 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Niven
on elevated parts of Jackall Flyberg. Stem pubescent. Leaves
If to 2 lines broad, 6 to 8 long, rather close to one ianother, Ian--

*

xeolatc-wedge-shaped, quite entire, obtuse, a little pubescent
when old. Stigma broadly conical.

Gnaphaliifoli-' 21. L. foliis S-S lineas latis, 8-10 longis, densis, elliptlco-Iance*^
«w»^ olatis, plerisque integerrimis, anguste callosis, valde pubesCentibus,

param nervosis : stigmate late conico.
iGnapbaliuxn^leaved Leucadendrum.

A tall shrub 7 and 8 feet high, only growing in low dry situa^
tions. Leaves 2 to S lines broad, 8 to 10 long, close to one another
elliptic-lanceolate, generally quite entire, their callus at the point
nairrow^ exceedingly pubescenty slightly, nerved. Stigma .broadlj
conical. ^

• •

Calligerum; 22. L. foliis izf-Sf lineas ktis, 7-9 longis, densis, ovali-lanceOi^

latis, plerisque integerrimis, late callosis, pubescentibus, nervosisr
Stigmate late elavato.

CaHus-bearing Leucadendrum.

This species grows wild in dry parts of the Tn^nty Four Rivera
district, where Mr. J. Nivex discovered it. Stem only ftcm 3
to S feet high. Leaves 2t to Sf- lines broad, 7 to 9 long, close to
one another, oval-lanceolate, generally quite entire, their eallu9 at
the point broad, xmbescent, nerved. Stigiiha broadly elub^Aafled.

i>iaiteUa.-] TH E NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE.E.

ai

23. L. foliiB 2i-3 lineas latU, 5-6 long'ts, dcnsis, ovali-lanceola- Pubenem^
- tis, plerisque iutegerrimis, obtiisis, pubescentibus, encrviis ; stig-
inate late conico.

Protea pubera. Linn. Afant. p. 192. Pubescent Leucadendium.

A native of tbe elevated parts of tbe mountains near Klein Ri-
vier. Stem about 5 feet high. Leaves '2^ to 3 lines broad, 5 to 6
long, close to one anotlier, oval-lanceolate, generally quite entire,
cbtuse, pubescent, not nerved. Stigma broadly conical.

2*. L. foliis 3-4 lineas latis, 5-6 longis, densis, rhombeo-ovali- Truncatulum ;
bus, plerisque iutegerrimis,' callo lato truncatulis, pubescentibus,
enervils : stigmate late clavato.

Trunculated Lcucadentlrum.

A beautiful dwarf species, neaily allied to the preceding, disco-

' vered by Mr. J. Niven near Klein Hout Hoek. Stem 2 feet high.

Leaves 3 to 4 lines broad, 5 to 6 long, close to one another, rhoin-

toid-oval, generally quite entire, their callus at the point broad,

and somewhat truncated, pubescent, not nerved. Stigma broadly

I .•lub-shaped.

DiASTELLA. Salisb.

Flores in Caprtulo plus minus

ktruncato terminali. Bractea 1

l.»lter singulos, prseter Involu-

.- crum gemmacearum, membra-

aacea:. Petala vix irregularia,

post anthcsin apicc erecta, basi

tantumcobajrentia. Pericarpium

Yit in Leticadendro. Stylus barba-

tus, tandem deciduus. Frutices,

sapius procumbent es. Folia sim-

Flowers in a terminal Hea^
often truncated. A single Bracte
to each, besides an Involucrum
of gemmaceous ones, membra-
naceous. Petals scarcely irre-
gular, erect at the top after
the Anthers burst, cohering
at the base. Pericarpium as in
Lcacadendrum. Style bearded,
finally deciduous. Shrubs, gem-

Ce ON TH£ CU LTIVATION OF [DiasteUm.

plicia^in pluribus viridia, rarUsi^ rally procumbent. Leaver simple,
me ad apicem S-dentata. very seldom S-dentate at the top.

The name is taken from a Greek verb, luxar^'KKtOy the Petals in
this genus being deeply separated

* Petala ultra antheras barbata.

Bryiflora; 1. D. foliis li-2f lineas latis, 4-5 longis, densis, ovalibus: pe-

talis longe barbatis : stylo valde arcuato.

Protea pubera. Thutib. Diss, n. 56. auctoritate ejus speciminis.
Leucadendron thymelseoides. Berg. PL Cap, p. 19- Bryum-flower*
ed Diastella.

A small erect shrub, growing wild in Hottentots Holland, where
Andrew Auoe discovered it. Leaves If to Si lines broad, 4 to
5 long, close, oval. Petals bearded with long hairs. Style ex*
ceedingly bowed.

SerpylU folia ; S* D* foYm 1^-2 lineas latis, 2-Sj longis, rarilisculis, ovalibus:

petalis breviter barbatis : stylo parum arcuato. ^

Protea divaricata. Thunb. Diss. n. 57 . Protea divaricata, Linn.
Mant. p. 194. Leucadendron divaricatum. Berg. PI. Cap. p. I9.
Serpyllum-leaved Diastella.

A beautiful procumbent species, the slender branches of which
are not particularly divaricated. It grows abundantly on the
rocks near False Bay, flowering there in October. Leaves If to 2
lines broad, 2 to 2i long, not close, oval. Petals bearded with
short hairs. Style not much bowed.

PariliSf ^« I^* ^^^^^^ l^li lineam latis, 4-5 longis, lineari-lanceolatisi
acutiusculis callo angusto : bracteis superioribus longitudineflorum :
pctaloruni apice valde attenuato.

Matched Diastella.

Confounded with the following in herbariums^ but sent as dif-

»wi(e//a.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEvE. 6:

ferentby Mr. J. Niven, who discovered it near Winter Hoek.
Stem weak and somewhat decumbent, 2 or 3 feet high. Leaves
1 to If line broad, 4 to 5 long, linear-lanceolate, somewhat acute
with a narrow callosity. Upper Bractes as long as the flowera.
Petals exceedingly attenuated at the top.

4. D. foliis li-2 lineas latis, 5-8 longis, ellipticis, callo lato ob- MyrtifolUi
tusissimis: bracteis superioribus floribus longioribus; stigmate
crassiusculo.

Protea myrtifolia. Tkunb. Diss. n. 50. Myrtle-leaved Dias-
tella.

This is the tallest species yet known, being often 7 and 8 feet
high. It grows wild near rivulets in Roode Zand, flowering there
in October. Stem erect, very much branched. Leaves If to 2
lines broad, 5 to 8 long, elliptic, the callosity at their point broad
and very obtuse. Upper Bractes longer than the Flowers. Stig-
ma rather thick.

5. D. foliis li-2 lineas latis, 3-4 longis, anguste obovatis, fere Vacciniifoiia ;
Isvibus : bracteis superioribus floribus longioribus, vaUle acumi-

uatis : stigmate angustissimo.

Vaccinium-leaved Dlastella.

Introduced at Clapham in 1800, from seeds collected by Mr. J.
Niven near French Hoek Kloof. Stem 3 and 4 feet high, very
branching. Leaves It to 2 lines broad, 3 to 4 long, narrowly
obovate, almost smooth. Upper Bractes longer than the Flowers,
exceedingly pointed. Stigma very narrow.

** Petala ultra anikeras tatda.

6. D. caule prostrato : foliis i linea latis, 5-7 longis, rariuscu- Humiftrsa,
lis, linearibus, adultis laevibus : capitulo angusto.

Trailing Diastella.

N

6«

OirTHE CULTIVATION OP

IMimOm.

The stem Cf this species lies quite flat upon tfie ground, with
fewer and longer branches than in the following. Mr. J. Rox^
BURGH discovered it in Hottentots Holland. Leaves t, a line
broad, 5 to 6 long, not very close, smooth when fully grown.
Head of Flowers narrow.

Erica folia. 7. D. caule decumbente : fbliis f linear latis, 4-5 longis, densis^

linearibAs, adultis pubescentibus : capitulp lato.

Protea purpurea. Thunb. Diss. n. 26. Protea purpurea. LimK
Mant.p. \9S. Leucadendron proteotdes. Berg. PL Cap.. p^^.
Heath-leaved Diastella,

One of the commonek shrubs in dry sandy ground near Cape
Tomn. It was introduced at Clapham in IdOO, and may be prOr
pagated easily by cuttings, but no plant is more difficult tapi:e^
serve here through winter, damping off if it has not free aiiSi
Stem somewhat decumbent Leaves f of a line broad, 4 to 5 long^
close, linear, pubescent when old; Head of Flowers broad. ;

Mi METES. Salisb.

Florcs in Capitulis angustis,
sessilibus, axillaribus. Bractea 1
inter singulos, praeter Involu-
crum gemmacearum, membfa-
naceae: foliis subjectis nunc basi
ampliatis coloratisque. Petala
uno versu apice deflexa, caeterum
regularia, basi cohaerentia. Peri-
carpium Stylusque ut in Leucar
dendro. Frutices, in uliginosis
nascent esy nunc sericei. Folia
simpliciay integerrimay cut apice
Edentata.

Flowers in narrow, sessile^^ax^
illary Heads. A single Bract^ to
each, besides an Involucruni of
gemmaceous ones, membraxiat^*
ous: leaves under them s^iM^
times wide and coloured. Petato
bent down one way at the tdjy,
in other respects regular, coher-
ing at the base. Pericarpium
arid style as in Leucadendrum.
Shrubs y growing in niarshes^ sil-
ky. Leave simple^ quite entire, ^
S'dentate at the top. .

4

■>-•

Mtn^,"] THE NATURAL OKDBR OF PROT£EJE. «6

' The name is derived from a Greek substantive, fniftijt^ar, this
genus resembling several others in its foliage.

- 1. M. foliis 2t-3 lineas latis, lt-2 pollices longis/ linearibus, Lyrigtri
juxta flores lyratb^ 3*dentatis, adultis fere lasvifaus: bracteis basi
extus Itfsvibus.

Protea cucullata: Thunb. Diss. n. n. Protea cucullati. Lirifh
Mant.p. 189. Leucadendron cucuUatum. Berg. PL Cap. p. l^
l^ucadendron cucullatum. Linn. Sp. Pl.ed.Q.p. 136. Hypophyllo-
carpodendron, &q. Boerh.- Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 206. cum Ic. Leu-
^cadendros, &c. Plukn. Phyt. t. 304. /• 6. Lyre-bearing Mimetes.
t ^LiKNB named this species CucuUata from a misconception,
which probably originated in Boerhaave's incorrect figure of the
firactes, for they are never cowl-shaped. It grows wild in all the
insist grounds near Cape Town. Stem 4 and 5 feet high. Leaves
^i to 3 lines broad, li to 2 inches long, linear, towards the flowers
lyre-shaped, 3-dentate, nearly smooth when old. Bractes smooth
externally at their base.

2. M. foliis 6-8 lineas latis, 2^-3 pollices Icmgis, linearibus^ 3- Fimbri(Bf&-
tlentatis, valde fimbriatis : bracteis basi extus barbatis. '<^^>

Hypophyllocarpodendron, &c. Boerh. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 20f •
cum Ic. Fringed-leaved Mimetes.

From the mountains near Simons Bay, where it was found by
Mr. J. NivEK. Stem 7 feet high or more. Leaves 6 to 8 lines
liroad, St to 3 inches long, linear, 3-dentate, exceedingly fringed.
Bractes bearded externally at their base%

3. M. foliis 4-6 lineas latis, 7-8 longis, ellipticis, integerrimis Floccosus ;
valde pubescentibus : petalis supeme nudiusculis.

Fleecy Mimetes.

A species discovered in Hdttentots Holland, by Mr. F. Massok,
5tem 4 and 5 feet high, with long branches. Leaves 4 to 6 lines

6a ON THE CULTIVATION OF ZMmOm^

broad^ 7 to 8 long, elliptic, quite entire, very pubescent. Petals^
thinly bearded towards, their top.

Falustris, 4^ M. foliis 4-6 lineas latis, l-l|- pollictm longisy oyali-4anceo-

Utis^ pubescehtibus : stigmate brevi, basi prominulo,

Lepidocarpodendron, &c« Bocrh. Hort. Lugdb. 2. p. 194. cum
Ic. Marsh Mimetes. i

This grows in very wet marshes, and I believe is. the only spe-^
cies which has yet been ia this country. It was saised.at Clapkam,
Croni seeds sent by Mr. J. Niven, before I had the care of that
collection, aud supposed to be a Liparia, till it flowered. Soon
after this, I lost the plant, it having been kept undoubtedly too
dry ; the name now proposed' however, it is hoped, may prevent a
similar accident in future. Leaves 4 to 6 lines broad, 1 to l^inch.
long, oval-lanceolatC) pubescent Stigma short, prominent at the
base.

Birtus; 5. M. caule hirsutrssimo : foliis 4-5 lineas latis^ Kl^ pollicem
longis, rhombeo-lanceolatis, vetustis fere lasvibus : petalis acutius-
cujiis.

Protea hirta. Thunb. Diss. n.. 55. Leucadendron, hirtum. Lmn.
Mant. p. 1 88. Leucadendron hirtum. Linn. Amcsn. v. 6. p. 83.
Hairy Mimetes.

Confounded with the preceding by all authors, but I have no
doubt a legitimate species, and sent as such by Mr. J. Niven,
who found it in wet places near Constantia^ Stem very hairy.
Leaves 4 to 5 lines broad, 1 tp If long, rhomboidrlanceolate, nearljr
smooth when old. Petals somewhat acute.

Spkndidusj 6. M. foliis 4-6 lineas latis, If-S poUices longisy lanceolatis^

arete 3-dentatis, valde sericeis ; bracteis utrinq^ bevibxu.
Splendid Mimetes.
I

PgranomuM.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE.E. 67

A beautiful shrub with silvery foliage, discovered by Mr J.
NivEN in moist parts of the mountains near Barbiers Kraal
Stem 5 and 6 feet high. Leaves 4 to Clines broad, 1 ^ to 2 inches
long, lanceolate, closely 3-dentate, exceedingly silky. Bractel
smootli on both surfaces.

7. M. foliis 1-ljpollicem latis, I|-2 longis, ovalibus, integem- ArgftUeus.
mis, valdc sericeis: bracteis extus sericeis.

Silvery Mimctes.

The hue of the foliage in this species, is still brighter if possi-
ble, than that of the preceding. Mr, F. Massov discovered it,
by mountain rivulets near the river Zotider End. Stem 3 and ♦
feet high. Leaves 1 to l-J- inch broad. If to 2 long, oval, quite
entire, exceedingly silky. Bractcs silky extentally.

Paranomvs. Salisb.

Flores in Spica nunc densissi- Flowers in a sometimes very
m& terminali, fasciculatim 4-ni, close terminal Spike, 4 bundled
sessiles. Bractea;4singu!osfasci- together, sessile. Bractes 4
colos cingentes, rigidffi; prajler round each bundle, rigid; be-
5-tam ad eoruui basin, gemma- sides a 5th at its base, and gcm-
ceasque infra spicam. Petala maceous ones below the spike.
reguiaria, basi cohterentia. Peri- Petals regular, cohering at the
carpium et Stylus ut in Lcuca- base. Pericarpium and style as
dendro. Fruticesmont'tcola. Fo- in Leucadtndrtim. Shrubs wild
Ha simflkia decompositave, sape o» mountains. Leaves stmpte or
in eadem stirpe. subdividtd,often in the same plant.

The name is derived from two Greek words, «-«§« and npwr,
this genus being very anomalous in its Foliage, Infiorescentc^
Bractes not interspersed between the flowers, and Stigma.

6^ QN THE CULTIVATION OF lf?aranomuu

*■ Folia omnia decotnposita.

CutnulifiomSy ' I. P. foliis tenuiter S-pinnatifidis: spic^ bpevisskn^glomerati::

petalis a basi longe barbatis.

Protea Lagopus. Thunb. Diss. n. 10. Cluster-flowered Parano-
mus.

A rare species, of which I have only seen a. single specimeni^
belonging to Mr. Lee of Hammersmith. Stem erect, much;
branched. Leaves finely S^pionatifid. Spike so short and clust-
ered as to resemble the Head of ^omeSerruriaSi Petals beardedr.
with long hairs from the bottom.

Jrgentcus; 2. P. foliis tenuiter Sl-pinnatifidis^ valde sericeis : spic& brevii^

rariuscul& : petalorum apice longe barbato.

Silvery Paranomus.

This is a beautiful shrub, discovered long ago by Mr. F. Masson
in Lange Kloof y but has never yet been in our gardens. Leaves,
finely 2-pinnatifid, exceedingly silky. Spike short, not c^oese..
Petals only bearded with long hairs at tl^B top.

Abrotanifo' 3. P. caule villoso : foliis tenuissime 2-pinnatifidis : spica lon^
lius; g4^ densA : petalorum apice longe barbato.

Southern Wood-leaved Paranomus.

From elevated parts of the mountains in Zwellendamy where
Mr. J. NivEN discovejed it Stem villous. Leaves very finely
S-pinnatifid. Spike long, close. iPejtals only bearded with long:;
hairs at the top.

Bracteolarisy. 4. P. foliis tenuiter S-pinnatifidis : spied longd, rariusculft:

bracted exteripre angustissime cuneatd ; stylo parmn lanato.
Narcow-bracted Paranomus.

Piimaomtft.] THE NATURMi QRDBR QB PROTElX. 99!

This species :M'as likewise diacovered hy Mr. J. Nivek on highr
monntains , in Zwetlendam. Stem 6 and 7 feet high. iJeav^s £nely
Srpinnatifid. Spike long, not close. . Outer Bractes very narrowly
wedge-shaped* Style a little: woolly. ..; . t .i ..r: -

*

5. P. foliia firpinnattfidis r Bpic^ brevi rariuficul&: : bracteft ex^ Crithmifolius^
teriore ovato-cuneatft : stylo valde lanato.
; Frotea. Lagopns^ Kenn. in Bikt.Rep, n. 243. cum Ic. hObSu
Prolea spicata. Thunb. Diss, mil: Protea spicata. Linn. Manti-
p. 187. Leucadendrum spicatum. Berg. FL Cap. p. 36. Samphire.*
leaved Paranomus.

*

A^hrub with more woolly flowers than the rest of^this^seotfon,.
growing wild abundantly on the mountains in Hottentots Hollands.
it is. easily, eultiv^edhere) often ripening seeds, andmaytbepr^
pagated by cuttings. Leaves- of, old plants resemble those off
Samphire exceedingly, their divisions being broader than in
young vigorous seedlings. Stem 3 feet high, very brancbing» r

Spike i^ort, not close^ all the lower bundles quite distinct from
one another.. Outer. Bracte ovate-wedge-shaped. Style very.
wiooiljLi

,/,• , .• • •> . »»•' » •.'•■> 1-/J

Balia decomposiia simpUciaque. i *

•> * .

.1 . « . • I ....

1

^6L P. foliis inferioribus late^iS^pintiatifidis, superioribus ( spatu* SceptrifyrmiSp
latis : spidblonga, densiuscul^ : bracteis' mitiote 'serieeis.

Protea spicata. Kenn. in Bot Rep. n. 234. cum Ic. ad stirpem,.

• * • ' ' ' _ • • •

£olii»ioinijLibiis pinnatifidis primft vide florentS6m. Protea Sceptrum
Thunb. Diss. n. 12. Protea sceptrum Gtistavianum. Linm Suppl.
p. 116. Protea sceptrum Gustavianuih; Spadrm. in. Act. Stockh^
\TITJp.6S:t.l, Sceptre-like Ptfranbniite.i

• • • • •

'A low^'shffub'with fragrant floWcrs; discovered ota the mountains
tt^HofthitoisiHaHaftd Klo6f,'hy Dr. Sfaarman. / The figure
in the Botanist^s Repository S^ i^ade from a plant at CUi^hankj

?• ON THB CULTIVATION OF IFofmamim.

when it firft flowered without any simple leaves; the following
year it produced both S^innatifid and spatulated leaves, and in
ISO?* the leavescm the same plant, excepta few d-fidones, were aU
spatulated. It is hardy, diriving in sandy loam and ripening seeds
with us. Stem only about 2 feet high with very few blanches.
Spike long, somewhat dose. Bcactes minutely silky.

Flabdlifcr^ 9(. P. foliis inferioribus 1t>pinnatifidis ; superioribus flabellifbr-

mibus, valde marginatis : spici brevi, dcns& : stylo glabro : stig-
matedavato.

Fan-leaved Pairanomus.

Very similar to the fidlowing,, but I belie ve a legitimate species
discovered by BIr. J. Roxbough. Lower leaves 2-pinnatifid ; upper
ones fan-shaped, exceedingly marginated. Spike short, close.
Style glossy. Stigma club-shaped.

AdiantifoHui ; ^* P* foliis inferioribus f-pinnatifidis ; superioribus flabelUfonnibus,

param marginatis: sptc4 brevi, dens4: stylo lanato: stigmate
fibulsformi.

Pfotea spatulata. 7%ifii&. Diu. n. 55. t. 5. f. S. Maiden hairf^
leaved Paranomus.

This species grows wild on high mountains near the river Zander
End Lower leaves S-pinnatifid ; upper ones fan-shaped, somewhat
marginated. Spike short, close. Style woolly. Stigma very differ-
ent fVom that of its congeners, button-sliaped with a bearded base.

r^gifgutis. 9* P* foliw inferioribus £-pinnatifidis, superioribus spatulatis:

spic& brevi, densissim& : bracteis hirsutissimis.

Long-stemmed Paranomus.

From rocky parts of the mountains near Gaurits RrvieVf where
Mr. J. NiviK discovered it Stem 5 and 6 feet high, with long
branches. Lower leaves S-pinnatifid, upper ones spatulfite^ Spili;e
fhort, exceedingly close. Biactes very hairy.

,.. Saro/tt&f.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^.

SoBANZHE. Salisbt

riores in spic& compostta tei- Flowers in a compound ter-
inmali,4rIconfertimsparsi in sin- minal spike, 4-1 closely scatter-
gulis ramis, nunc vix exsertis. ed on each branch, sometimei
BracteEe tot quot flores, rigidi- hardly protruded. Bractes as
usculie; prteter 1 supra haain many as flowers; besides 1 above
ramorum, gemmaceasque infra the base of the branch and gem-
spicam. Petala vix irregularia, maceous ones below the spike,
basi cohaerentia. Pericarpi- Petals scarcely irregular, coher-
um I-spermum, gigartoideum, ing at the base. Pericaipiuin
1-seeded, like agrape stone, flinty
Style deciduous. Shrubs, with
branches tubtrckd. Leaves aimptt,
in most species very narrom, with
a long callosity.

The name is derived from two Greek words, rtoqixr and aydwr, the
Inflorescence of this f^enus consisting of an exceedingly cloie com-
pound spike.

lapideum. Stylus tandem de-
ciduus. Frutices, ramis cica-
tricibus tuberculatis. Folia
aimplicia^ in plerisque angust-
issima callo longo.

' Folia iupra absque canaUculo.

I. S. foliis 1-i^ lineam latis, 4-5 longis, anguste lanccolatis: Glanduiigera ;.
spic4oblongS: petalis infra limbum glandulis aspcrsis.

Protea imbricata. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 517- cum Ic. Protea
imbricata. Thunb. Diss. n. 45. t.S.f.Z. Gland-bearing Soranthe.

This curious species is among.the great number of plants which
we owe to G. Hibbert, Esq. being raised at Clapham in 180?,
from seeds collected by Mr. J. Niven, ntaxRoode Zand Cascade.
It is ratlier tender,. and requires to be planted in sandy loam, par-
ticularty well drained. Leaves I to l| line broad, 4 to 5 long,

TT 01* tHft CUMrtVAtldN ** . iSorikihe.

narrowly lanceolate. Spike oblong. Petals besprinkled witk
glands below their limb* .^ .

rCiliciifloraf 2. S. foliis ^-1 lineamlatis, 3r-4longis, lineari-ianceolatis : spicJL

late conic4 : pctaHs fbre usque ad basin Mrsutis. ' i

Protea lanata. Thunb. Dis^n. 30- /. 'i.f. 1. Shaggy Soranthe. *^

■ From Zwellenddinj where Mr. J. Niven, found it flowering Bi

October, Leaves ^to one line inroad, 3|- to 4 long; linear*lanceolate*

'Spike broadly conicaL Petals hairy, almost to their base, ncft

woolly. - r

> • I . > • .

Tenuifolia : "5. ^. fbliis If line© latis, ^h6 longis, linearibus: spica nutante

subglobosa : filainentis fere longitudine antlierariun.

Fine-leaved Soranthe.

A slender shmb, 3 or 4 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Nivei*,
in -moist parts -ef the mountains near Breed Rimers and raised at
Ciaphamvn 18()2. ^ It^resenibles Spatalla Prolifera so much as td
be easily mistaken for that plant Stem branching. Leaves :^ of
a' line Broad, J to 6 long, linear. Spike nodding, nearly globular.
Filsonents sdmbst as long as the anthers.

« *

Folia wpra tanaliculata.

Hupestris, 4. S. caule decumbente : foliis 3 lineae latis, 5-6 longis, linea-

ribus : spic& oblonga : bracteis infeme densissinie lanatis.

Rock Soranthe.

«

A decumbent species, discovered by Mr. . J. Niven in rocky
places near the mouth of Klein Rivier. Stem cottony. Leaves 4-. of
a line broad, 5 to 6 long, linear. Spike oblong. Lower part of the
Bractes exceedingly woolly.

ft

Pini folia ^* '^* ^^^^^ i linese latis, 8-11 longis, linearibiis: spied late co^

^ ; petalorum limbo laevL

SpataHm.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE/E. 73

Pine-leaved Soranthe.

This species resembles a Pinaster in miniature, and was dicover-
ed on the tops of the mountains near77^er Hoek^ by Mr, J. Ni vbbt.
Stem erect, very branching. Leaves^ of a line broad, 8 to 11 long,
linear. Spike broadly conical. Limb of the Petals smooth*

6. S. foliis 4- lineas latis, 6-8 longis, linearibus, scabriusculb : Clavigentp
spic4 ovali : bracteis totis villosissimis : stigmate late clavato.

Club-bearing Soranthe.

A stiff erect shrub 3 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. NivEif,
near Tranche Hoek Kloofs and introduced at Clapham in 180S,
Leaves j of a line broad, 6 to 8 long, linear, roughish. Spike oval.
Bractcs all over villous. Stigma broadly club-shaped.

7. S. foliis ^ line® latis, 7-10 longis, linearibus, asquatis : spic& Montana
ovali : bracteis apice nudis : stigmate anguste clavato.

Mountain Soranthe.

From the the tops of the Stellenbosch mountains, where it was
discovered by Mr. F. Ma sson many years ago, but only lately
introduced, and now flowering, I believe for the first time here, in
Messrs. Lee and Kennedy's nursery. Leaves ^ of a line broad,
7 to 10 long, linear, their surface even. Spike oval. Bractes naked
at the top, but very hairy below. Stigma narrowly club-shaped

Spatalla. Salisb.

Klores in Spictl decomposite Flowers in a compound termi-

terminali,4-l fasciculati in sin- nal spike, 4-1 bundled on each

gulis ramis, nunc brevissimis. branch sometimes very short.

Bracte« 4fasciculum cingentes, Bractes 4 surrounding each bun-

antic^ minore, membranaceae ; die, front onfe least, membrana-

prajter 5-tam ad basin rami ; gem- ceous ; besides a 5th at the bot-

JL

74 ON THE CULTIVATION OF [S^pataUa.

maceaspaucissimsevelnullae. Pe- torn of the branch : gemmaceous^
tala irregularia dorsali latiore, ones few, of none. Petals trregu-
basi cohasrentia. Fericarpium lar, dorsal one broader, cohering
J-spermuniyfolliculare, membra- atthebase. Pericarpium I -seeded,
naceunu Stylus arcuatus, tan- like a bladder, membranaceous,
dem deciduus. FruticeSy septus Style bowed, finally deciduous.
kumiUs. FoUa sif^plicia, angus- Shrubs low. Leaves simple j very
tissimay in plerisfue teretia calh narroWjinmost species roundwitk
longo. a long callosity .

The name is derived from a Greek verbj rvaraXooj^ the stigma
of this genus being generally vcfy large.

* Stigma clavatum : fotiis undique convexis.

Thyrsifiora, !• S. foliis^ lines latis, 7*10 longis, reclinato-patentissimis^

adultis parum sericeis : spic4 conic4 : petalis infra limbum longe
sericeis.

Thyrse-flowered Spatalla.

A decumbent species, discovered by Mr. J. Niy£N, in dry
places near the top of the Zwartberg mountains. Leaves f of a
line broad, 7 to 10 long, reclined, very spreading, a little silky
when old. Spike conicaL Petals silky with long hairs below the
limb.

JSricafolia,^ 2. S. foliis ^ linese latis, I j-2| longis, rariusculis, reclinato-erec-

tis, adultis pubescentibus ; spic& cylindric4 n petalis infra limbum
breviter sericeis.

Heath-leaved Spatalla.

This species was also discovered by Mr. J. Niven, in the sandy
plains of Verkoodc Valley. Branches slender, long, erect. Leaver
4. of a line broad, l^to S7 long, rather distant from one another,
reclined-erect, pubescent when old. Spike cylindrical. Petals
silky with short hairs below the limb.

SpaialliL] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. 75

3. S. foliis yliueselatis, 4-5 loiigis, densis, parum veclm^to-p^i' Csudafiora ;
tentibus, adultis villosis: spic4 cylindric^: petalis infra limbum ^

longe sericeis.

Protea caudata. Thunb. Dis^. n. 83 /, ^.f. 3. Tail-flowered Spa-
talla.

Sir C. P. Tqunberg discovered this species in marshy parts
of the Zwartberg mountains. Leaves 4. of a line broad, 4 to 5 long,
close, a little reclined-spreading, villous when old. Spike cylindri-
cal Petals silky with long hairs below the limb.

««

StigfML spatulatum : JhUis undique convexis.

4. S. cattle gracili : foliis ^ linese latis, 3*4 longis, incurvo-erec- Prolifera,
tls, lineari-attenuatis, adultis pubescentUius : spic& brevi : pelalo

dorsali grandi.

Protea prolifera, Thunb. Diss. n. !27« cum. Ic. Proliferous Spa-
talla.

Introduced at Clapham in 1 800, being raised from seeds col*
lected on the mountains of Hottentots Holland. It is not a hand-
some shrub, and only worth cultivating here in botanic gardens.
Stem slender. Leaves |> of a line broad, 3 to 4 long, incurved-erect,
linear-attenuated, pubescent when old. Spike short Dorsal petal
very large.

5. S. foliis |. lines latis, 5-7 longis, reclinato-patentibus : spic& PariUs^
long& : bracteis angustissimis : petalis infra limbum lanatis.

Matched Spatalla.

Confounded with Spatalla Cauda/lora in herbariums, but the
stigma of this is much broader, and its petals woolly, not silky
below the limb. Mr. J. Roxburgh, discovered iton the Stellen-
bosch mountains, and it is now flowering in Messrs. Lee and
Kennedy's nursery. Leaves ^ of aline broad, 5 to 7 long, reclin-
ed-spreading. Spike long. Bractes very narrow.

7C ON THE CULTIVATION OF ISpatuU^

Barbigera; 6. S. foliis^ Hneee latis, 4-5 longis, reclinato-patentibus : spiel
^ longl: bracteis latiusculis : petalis infra, limbum minute tomen-

tosis.

Bearded Spatalla..

This species was discovered by Mr. J. Niven, in Platte Kloqfi
and is not so slender as the preceding one. Leaves 4- of a line
broady 4 to 5 long, reclined-spreading. Spike long. Bractes some-
what broad. Petals minutely cottony below the limb.

Bombycina^ 7. S. foliis^ liaeie latis, 8-10 longis, reclinato-horizontalibus,

sericeis : spicis longis, nutantibus, 3-5 approximatis : bracteis
omnibus angustis.

Unspun Silk Spatalla,

A delicate erect shrub 4 feet high, discovered by Mr. J. Niven,.
in moist rocky parts of the mountains near Zoete Melk Valley.
Leaves ^ of a line broad, 8 to 10 long, reclined-horizontal, finely
silky. Spikes 3 to 5 approximated, long, nodding, all the Brae tea
narrow*

Nana 8* S. foliis -j linese latis, 6-8 longis, densis, reclinato-patentis-

simis, parum sericeis: spica.long^, rariusculA; fasciculis Sfloris:
bracte^ sub ramis lat^.
Dwarf Spatalla.

Introduced at Clapham in 1800, from seeds collected by Mr. J.
NivEN otithe mountains near Roode Zand, and easily propagated by
cuttings, but it requires a sandy soil, and to be effectually drained..
Leaves 4- of a line broad, 6 to 8 long, close, reclined, very spread-
ing, a little silky. Spike long, not close. Bundles 3 flowered.
Bracte under the branches broad.

J^rocera, g. S. foliis 4-1^^^^ latis, 8-10 longis, reclihato-patentissimis,
parum sericeis : spicis longis, erectis, 3-5 approximatis : fasciculis
3-floris : bracte^ sub ramis angustd.
Protea iucurva. Thunb.Diss. n. 9A. t. S.f. S. Tall Spatalla.-

Spatalla,'] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEGE. 77

So many species are already discovered with leaves bowed
exactly like this, that Professor Thunb^erg's name now tends to
mislead. It grows wild nt^LX Roode Zand Cascade ^ in moist rocky
places, flowering there in Octobcrj and is the tallest species yet
known, beingoften 7 and 8 feet high* Leaves 4. of a line broad, 8 to 10
long, reclined, very spreading, a little silky. Spikes long, erect, 3 to
5 approximated. Bundles 3-flowered* Bracte under the branches
narrow.

* * «

Stigma spatulatum : foliis supra canaliculaiis.

10. S. foliis 4- lineae latis, 10-18 longis, densiusculis, reclinato- Longifolia^
horizontalibus, infeme vix attenuatis : fasciculis 1-floris : bractea

sub ramis linearis

Long-leaved Spatallsu

A shrub from 5 to 7 feet high, discovered nearrivulets zXFrancke
Hoekf by Mr. J. Niven. Leaves ^ of a line broad, 10 to 18 long,
somewhat close, reclined-horizontal, scarcely attenuated befow
tbie middle. Buniiles l-flowered. Bracte under the branches linear.

11. S. foliis 4: lines latis, 9- 1 2 longis, rariusculis, reclinato-pa- Ctirvi/b/ia
tentibus apice valde arcuato, infeme attenuatis : fasciculi; 1-floris:

bracte& sub ramis basi dilatat&.

Curved-leaved Spatalla.

This species is seldom more than 2 feet higli, and was discovered
by Mr. J. Niven on the mountains of Hottentots Holland. It i»
very smilar to the last described but its stem is nearly smooth, and
the leaves more bowed towards the tqp, so as tp form a complete
semicircle : they are 7 of a line broad, 9. to 12 lOng, not close, re-
clined-spreading, attenuated below the middle. Bundles l-flow^
ered. Bracte under the branches dilated at the base.

12. S. foliis 4: linear latis, 77l0longvs, reqlinato-erectis, infeme Gnic//i#;.
attenuatis * fasciculis 1-floris : biacitei' sub rainis bribVHtdiiid^ '

n ON THE CULTIVATION OP ISerrurm.

Protea racemosa- Thunb, Diss. «. 21. Leucadendron racemosum.
Linn. Sp. PL erf. 2- p. 434. Leucadendron racemosum. Berg. PL
Cap. p. 2S« Slender Spatalla.

The Inflorescence in the Natural Order of Protect being now
better understoodi the nasne of Racemosum is no longer applies*
ble to this little delicate species, which grows' wild on the moun*
tains near Klein Hout Hoek. Leaves ^ of a line broad, 7 to 10
long, reclined-erect, attenuated below the middle Bundles l-flow-^
ered. Bracte under the branches very short

Se&rvria. Burm.

Flores in Capitulis 1-riis pani- Flowers in solitary or panicled,

culatisve, rarius sessilibus, termi- rarely sessile, terminal Heads. A

nalibus. Bractea 1 inter singu- single Bracte to each,membrana-

lo8| membranaceae ; gemmaceis ceous: gemmaceous ones few or

paucis multisve, nunc dilatatia, many, m some dilated Petals in-

•ubjectit. Petala secunda, caste- cli&ed one way, in other respects

ruiti regularia, basi cohcrentia. regular, cohering at the base.

Pericarpiumut in 5|p«/«//a« Stylus Pericarpmm as in Spatdlbu

rectus arcuatusve, tandem deci- Style straight or bowed, decr-

duus. Frutices humiles. Folia in duous. Law Shrubs. Leaves in

plerisque ft^pismaiifida^ x>ix unr most species 9^-pinnatiJid^ scarcely

quam omnia simplicia^ sape glan- ever all simple^ often besprinkki

dulis aspersa. tviih glands.

The name was given by Burman, in honour of John Serru-
RIER, M- D. Professor of Botany, at Utrecht

^ Bract€4fpauc43S : petalorum vilUs patentibus,

• ....

VallariSf I. S^ foliU {rl pollicm longis^ ab infra medium S-pinnatifidis,

AfTwrwO THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. TO-

feirsutulis : capitulo sessili, altitudine foliorum : bractearum dorso
superne lEeviusculo : pctalo supremo fere nudo.

Intrenched Serruria.

This species grows wild abundantly on the mouatains near
Simons Bay, and was introduced at Clapham in 1800. Leaves of
a yellow green, ^ to' I inch long, 2-pinnatLfid from below their
middle, somewhat hairy. Head sessile, about as high as tlie sur-
rounding leaves. Back of the Bractes nearly smooth towards the
top^ Upper Petals scarcely bearded. It may be propagated by
cuttings, nor have I found the least difficulty in this respect, with
any species of the genus.

2. S. foliis^^l poUiceni longis, ab infra medium 2-pinnatifidis, A&rotanifoiur,.
hirsutulis : capitulo sessili, foliis altiore : bracteis extus totis hir-

sutis : filamentorum apice 2-lobo.

Protea abrotanifolia hirta. Jndr. in Bot. Rep. n. 522. cum Ic.
maid. Southern Wood-leaved Serruria.

Confounded with the following in our collections, but a legiti-
mate species, and distinguished as such by Mr. J. Niv£x, who
found it near Patirl. Leaves ^ to 1 inch long, 2-pianatifid from
below their middle, somewhat hairy. Head 8«ssilc, higher than
the leaves. Bractes externally all over hairy. Topof the Filament
2-lobed.

3. S. foliis 5-7 lineas longis, a bast 2-pinnati(idis, hirsutulis : MilUp$li(r,
pedunculo longitudine capituli vel plus, hirsuto : bracteis ad oras

c.\tus hirsutis : stigmate truncato,

Protea triternata. Kcnn. in Bot. Rep. n. 337- cum Jc. beii4.
Thousand-leaved Serruria.

The leaves of this species are not triternate, and resemble those
of so many others, that I have given it a name alluding to their
number rather tluin mode of decomposition. It grows wild in
the dry sandy plains near Brack Fontein, Jackaii Flyherg, and on
the mountains near ffi/idkock, where Mr, J. Niven collected

so ON THE CULTIVATION OF . [Serruria.

seeds raised at Clapham in 1 800. Here it suffers more from
damp than cold, flowering abundantly if well drained. Leaves
5 to 7 inches long, 2-pinnatifid from their base, somcw:hat hairy.
Peduncle as long as the Head, or longer, hairy. Bractes near
their edge externally hairy. Stigma truncated.^

Callosa, 4. S. foliis ^--l pollicem longis, a medio dense 2-pinnatifidiSy
vix glabris : pedunculo longitudine capituli, hirsuto: bracteis
hirsutis apice valde calloso.

Callous Serruria.

A weak shrub, very common in dry stony ground near Jointer
Hoeky and in the sandy plains by Klein Berg Riviery where Mr.
J. NivEV discovered it. Leaves 4. to 1 inch long, closely £-pin-
natifid from their middle, hardly smooth. Peduncle as long as
the Head, hairy. Bractes hairy with a very callous point.

Montana^ 5. S. foliis 1-1^ pollicem longis, a basi dense 3-pinnatifidis, pu-

bescentibus: pedunculis 1-3, longis, tomentosis : bracteis supra
basin extus repente laevigatis: antheris obtusis.

Mountain Serruria*

From the mountains near Breede Riviera where Mr. J, NiVEir
discovered it. Stem 5 or 6 feet high. Leaves 1 to l-J- inch long,
closely 3-pinnatifid from their base, pubescent. Peduncles 1 to 3,
cottony. Bractes suddenly smooth above their base externally.

Artemisiafo- 6. S. foliis 14:-2 poUices longis, a basi 3-pinnatifidis, pubescent-
^^^9 ulis : pedunculis 1-3, longis, laeviusculis : bracteis recurvis, rare

tomentosis : antheris valde mucronatis.

Protea sphaerocephala. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. w. 264. cum Ic. Ar-
temisia-leaved Serruria.

The seeds of this species were sent by Mr. J. Niven, with
the name here adopted, for it is neither Linnets nor Thunbero's
Protea spharocephala ; but it had been previously introduced in

'i789, by Messrs. Lee and Kenntedt. It grows wild on the
1

S$rruria.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. 8 1

mountains of Roode Zand to the height of 5 or 6 feet» and should
be cultivated here in sandy loam« Leaves 1^ to 2 inches long,
3-pinnatifid from their base, somewhat pubescent Peduncles 1
to 9, long, nearly smooth. Bractes recurved, thinly cottony.
Anthers exceedingly mucronated.

7/ S. foliis 1-S poUices longis, ab infra medium dense S-pinna- Peduncular is,
tifidis, pubescentibus : pedunculis 1-3, Tongis, tomentosis : brac-
teis apice recur vis, valde tomentosis.

Peduncled Serruria. •

This and the two last described species all agree in having longer
peduncles than most others, but in this they are the longest: they
may easily be distinguished by their anthers, which in S. Monta-
na are quite obtuse, in S. ArtemisicsfoUa exceedingly mucronat-
ed, and in S. PeduncularU only slightly mucronated. Mr. J.
NiVEN discovered it on the dry sides of mountains near Roode
'Zand Kloof J where it flowers in September and October. Stem
9 or 4 feet high. Leaves 1 to 2 inches long, closely 3-pinnatifid
from below their middle, pubescent when old. Peduncles 1 to
3, long, cottony. Bractes recurved at the top, very cottony.

•

8. S. foliis 1-14. pollicem longis, ab infra medium 2-pinnatifidis, Fuci folia;
vix glabris: pedunculis 1-3, longis, tomentosis : petalis proten-

sis : styli apice valde curvo.

Fucus-lcaved Serruria.

A tall elegant shrub, discovered by Mr. J. Niven near Picyw^/-
berg. Leaves 1 to 1^ inch long, 2-pinnati6d from below their
middle^ hardly smooth. Peduncles 1 to 3, long, cottony. Petals
more stretched out than in most others. Style exceedingly
bowed at the top.

9. S. caule decumbente: foliis 1^2 polHces longis, a supra me- Gracilis ;
dium 3-fidis rareque pinnatifidis; glabris: capitulo ovali, pedun-

culo parum breviore : bracteis inferionbus glabris.

M

M ON THE CULTIVATION OF iSerruria.

Protea pinuata. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 512. cum Ic. ad exem-
plar prim^ vice florens. Slender Serruria.

The figure quoted was made from a plant flowering at Clapham
for the first time in 1806, and does not give a just idea of its habit
Mr. J. NivEN discovered it, near the river at Roode Zand Cas-
cade, in shady places. The Stem is very slender, trailing upon
the ground, and in wild specimens most of the leaves are 3-fi^d :
1 trust therefore that Mr. Andrews will see the propriety of my
retaining the name sent along with it, by Mr. J. Niven. It is
rather tender. Leaves 14- to 2 inches long, glossy. Head oval,
a little shorter than the peduncle. Lower Bractes glossy.

Linearis; 10. S. caule decumbente: foliis l^-S poUices longis, simplici*
bus paucissimisque a supra medium S-fidis, glabris : capitulis 1-3^
subrotundis, pedunculo brevioribus: antheris obtuse mucronatis.

Linear-leaved Serruria.

From the sandy plains near Groene Kloofs where Mr. J. Niven
discovered it. Stem decumbent. Leaves 14- to S inches long,
simple and a very few 3-fid from above their middle, glossy.
Heads, of Flowers roundish, 1 to 3, shorter than the peduncle.
Anthers .obtusely mucronated. It flowered two years ago in the
nursery of Messrs. Middlemist and Co. beyond Bayswater..

JDelphiniifih 11. S. caule decumbente : foliis 1-14- poUicem longis, ab infra
ii^f medium 3-5-fidis, pubescentulis : capitulis 3-7, grandibus, longi-
tudine pedunculorum : stigmatis apice latissimo.
Larkspur-leaved Serruria.

The Heads of Flowers in this species, discovered by Mr. J.
Niven on the dry ascents of mountains near Paarl, are very
large. Stem prostrate. Leaves 1 to l^inch long, 3 to 5-fid from
below their middle, pubescent. Heads 3 to 7, as long as the pe-
duncles. Stigma very broad at the top.

Semma.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. tS

. t

♦* Bractea pauca : petalorum villis adpre^ssis.

<

12. S. caule decumbente : foliis 1-3 pollices longis, fere a medio Anemonefolia ;
S-pinnatifidis, pubescentibus : pedunculis l-S, capitulo parum •
longioribus : stylo a basi arcuato* •

Anemone-leaved Serruria.

A decumbent species, discovered by Ma. J. Niven, both-in
law and high parts of Draakenstein. Leaves 1 to 3 inches long,
ihpinnati.Hii from very near below their middle, pubescent Pe-
duncle^. 1 to 3^ a little longer than the Head. S^le bowed from

IS. S. foliis 3-7 pollices longis, ab infra medium 3-pinnatifidis, Crithmifotia,
glabris, crassis : capitulis paniculatis, pedunculo longissimo : brae-
tearum oris scariosis.

'' 'PKotea -^itiliraia. Tkmb'fDUl^i. 8? iLeuca^endfdn elong^tum.
B&gi PL dtp:' p. '27. Samphireiy *^*a Serfiria. " ' • " "

This spc^cies is'qf a taiii^'^cdbl^nt hibit than most otliers, and
#to-intip«iucea kirClaj^li^aij^iti iibor It grows wild in drystonv
fgtaiitiA Sit' Hofi'iniois ftoilavfd Kklofl'iA&'oii thje mountain? near
^e'Kvei'2tfi^i/iy'jB«rf."'St^iii often sosliorfthatthd leaves appear
radical : they are 3 lo T'ttiiheslon^.'S-pinpikhfid froip below their
iliidfdld,' ' bbtusie, glossy. Head d' paniclea ' iipdh' a peduncle some-

th^4-<fe<itldAgi'-6tMes-8d«fi8tl4^dka^^^^^ .

''•^4:''*S;-foliti^li.i^^^^^ hifra medium 3-pinnatifi. Elumbis;

dis, acutis, glabris : capitulis paniculatis : bracteis glabris, oris vix
scariosis : stigmate cylindraceo.

&)ender-lilhbed- l^ertiiiriaf. •

Introduced M Clapham in 1800, ff6m thcrntoufitahis of Hotter-
toti Holland, where Mr. J. Nivsi^ discdvered it, and now flower-

^ J

'i:; ':,'/ n..< .' '• ■ • ; -i--:.. . . '.i.<

84 ON THE CULTIVATION OF. [&mif««.

ing in the coTlection of Isaac Swainson, Esq. Leaves 14- to 3
inches long, 3-pinnatifid from below their middle, acute, smooth.
Head panicled. Bractes glossy, their edge hardly scarious. Stigma
cylindricaL

FlagclUfoliaj 15. S. caule decumbente : foliis 24--4 pollices longis, simplici-

bus 3-fidisque, lsevit)us : capitulis vix paniculatis : bracteis subor-
biculatis acumine brevi, lasvibus : petalorum limbo lato.
Lash-leaved Serruria.

A decumbent species, discovered by Mr. F. Massoii in rocky

parts of the Hottentots Holland moxmtzinsy and confounded wiiik

' the following, in herbariums. Leaves 2^ to 4 inches long, both

simple and 3-fid, smooth. Heads scarcely panicled. Bractes

suborbicular with a sharp point, smooth. Limb of the Petals

, ■ '■ broad. '" ■- '*■'' ■' ' ■•'■ »''^r***

Hytmalis ; 1^. .1^. caul? ;dfecumbente,: folij?,- ai'Si polHces Ippjji^ iM?H?!!^i*

bus 3-fidisque, la&yibus: Cjapjtulis paniculatis^^ bi^cte^.c^^ti^a^a-
mipe Ipngp, rare sericeis : pet^Joru^ lipbo angustiss^iap^ ^j ^ j -^^

iProtea procumbens. Zinn. lyw^j^/. J>^^ >P^pt^ 4^1(^1^^

Thunb. Diss. n. 1. 1. \. Jig. ad calcm.^,W\f(^^^

This is very like S., Flagellij^olia,, b^ut-differsr niateriall;^ W'>}if
flowers. Sir C. P. Thunbero discovered it on the nRQuntains of
Hottentots Holland^ wh^rtj it flowers in the middle of [thejr;^^nr
ttx.'June and July^ 'Ste'm^.^cci^^^

long, both simple and 3-fid, smooth. Heads panicled. Bractes
ovate with a long point, thinly ^lkyv...Ii4W*> 9^;^ Petals very
narrpw. ' , ' --T'^i;... .. ,.».. ^. ,

Anethifolia; 17. S. foliis 3-5 pollices longis, si^iplicibuis Mdis nweque

2-pinnatifidis» glabris : pauiciulli porymboR^ • bntf:tiKft» ; jwoetftis,
infeme sericeis : stigmajte late clayato. • \uv ■^ \ .

4

Strrmia.^ THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^ W

Protea argentiflora. Andr. m Bot. Rep. n. 447. ^ttm Ic. Protea
tritei-nata, Thunb. Diss. n. 7. Dill-leaved Scrruria.

A common shrub by the river side iu Rood*: Zand, the flowers
of which in the heat of day, smell like those of Heliotropium Pe-
ruviantim. Stem 5 and 6 feet high. Leaves 3 to 5 inches long,
a few simple and 3-ficl, the rest thinly ?-piniiatifid, glossy. Pani-
cle corymbose. Bractes wedge-shaped, silky at the base. Stig-
ma broadly clubshaped.

18. S. foliis 1^-2 pollices longis, ab infra medium 2-pinnatifidis, Fascifiora,
minute sericeis : paniculA ampl4 ramis elevatis ; bracteis pateutibus,
ovato-cuneatis, scriccis : stylo recto.

Protea Serraiia. Thunb. Diss. n. 6. Protea Serraria. Linn. Mant.
p. 188, Lcucadendron Serraria. Berg. PL Cap. p. 28. Lcucaden-
dron Serraria. Linn. Sp. PL ed. 2, p. 137. Serraria foliis, &c.
Burm. PL Afr. p. ^64. /. 99- f- I- Anethifolius frutex, &c. Seb.
Thes. V. 2. t. 63.7: 6. Abrotanoides, &c. Pluhi. Mant. J. /. SSp. [■
I. Fasciated Serruna.

One of the commonest shrubs in the sandy plains near Cape
Town, varying with whitish flowers. Leaves 1^ to 2 inches long,
2-pinnatifid from below their middle. Panicle ample, its branches
elevated. Bractes spreading, ovate-wedge-shaped, tilky. St^Ie
straight.

19. S. foliis l-]fpollicem longis.ab iufi-amedium 2-pinnatifidis, Frondosa,
rare sericeis : capitulo saipius Iwio, pedunculato, altitadine folio-
rum : bracteis recurvis, anguste cuneatis, hJrtis; stylo recto.

Frondosc Serruria.

The seeds of this species raised at Clapham in !gOO, were sent
by Mr. J. Niven without mentioning where he collected them.
Stem I to 2 feet high. Leaves at the bottom of the branches
small and imperfect, so that they appear clustered near the flowers,
1 to It inch long, 2-pinnatifid from below their middle, thinly
silky. Head geneially solitary, peduncled, as high ;is the

86 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ISerruna-

leaves. Bractes recurved, narrowly wedge-shaped, hairy. Style
straight.

•

Zanthophylla^ 20. S. foliis I3-2 pollices longis, fere a medio S-pinnatifidis, rare

sericeis : capitulis glomeratis, subsessilibus : bracteis latis, incur-
vulis, rhombeo-cuneatis, laeviusculis : stylo reclinato.

Yellow-leaved Serruria.

Several species of Serruria are besprinkled with glands in vari-
ous parts, but in this they are very numerous, and visible with a
common microscope upon its leaves : from these glands the foliage
has a tawny hue, which I 6rst mistook for disease, and in vain
tried to remove by a richer spil. It was raised at Clapham in
1803 from seeds sent by Mr. J. Niven, who discovered it near
Roode Zand Kloof. The Flowers vary in colour from nearly white
to diill purple, and exhale a slieht odour of Paoriia Ojfficinalls.
Leaves 1^ to 2 inches long, 2-pinnatifid almost from their middle^
thinly silky. Heads clustered, nearly sessile. Bractes broad, a
little incurved, rhomb-wedge shaped, almost smooth. Style
reclined.

Rangiftrina^ 21. S. foliis l-lf poUicem longis, recurvis, ab infra medium

rare 2-pinnatifidis, pubescentulis : panicul^ brevi, late pyramidali :
bracteis longe cuneatis, basi sericeo-tomentosis : stylo valde
curvo.

Reindeer Horn-leaved Serruria.

A low shrub about 2 feet high, from the sandy plains near
Breede Rivier, where Mr. J. Niven discovered it Leaves 1 to
li* inch long, recurved, thinly 2-pinnatifid from below their mid-
dle, somewhat pubescent. Panicle short, broadly pyramidaL
Bractes long, wedge-shaped, silk-cottony at their base. 3tyle
exceedingly bowed.

Collina^ 22. S. foliis li-2 pollices longis, incurvo-erectis, a medio 9-

Serruria.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE, 8T

pinnatifidis, glabris : paniculi brevi, late corned : bracteis longe
cuneatis, basi rare tomentosis : stylo parum curvo.

Hill Serruria*

This species is found plentifully on the hills below Tafelbcrg
and the adjacent mountains. It is a weak subdecumbent shrub.
Leaves If to 2 inches long, incurved-erect, 2-pinnatifid from their
middle^ glossy. Panicle short, broadly conical. Bractes long,
wedge-shaped, thinly cottony at the base. Style a little curved.

23. S. foliis 4--1 poUicem longis, ab infra medium 2-pinnatifidis, Arenafia,
pubescentulis : capitulis 1-3, glomeratis, foliis altioribus: bracteis

basi sericep-tomentosis : filamentorum apice emarginato.

Protea abrotanifolia minor. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 536. cum Ic*
pessimi.

Sand Serruria.

Introduced at Clapham with the two last described species in
1800, from the sandy plains near Blaauvberg^ where Mr. J. Ni ven
discovered it. Stem 2 feet high, erect, very branching. Leaves
\ to 1 inch long, 2-pinnatifid from below their middle, a little
pubescent Heads 1 to 3, clustered, higher than the leaves.
Bractes silk-cottony at their base. Top of the filament exceed*
ingly emarginated.

24. S. foliis 6-8 lineas longis, ab infra medium dense 2-pinnati- Quinquemcp'
fidis, pubescentulis : capitulis 3*5, glomeratis : bracteis totis den- trii^
sissime tomentosis : stigmate grandi.

Five months flowering Serruria.

A beautiful shrub discovered by Mr. J. Niven, in sandy soil
near Paardebergj where it flowers from August till January^ and
would be a very desireable species for our collections, but it
has not yet been introduced. Stem 3 and 4 feet high, very
branching. Leaves 6 to 8 lines long, closely 2-pinnatifid from
below their middle, a little pubescent. Heads 3 to 5, clustered.
Bractes all over very closely cottony. Stigma large.

86 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ISermrHi.

Gremiiflora, 25. S. foliis 1-1 {- pollicem loughs, ab infra medium 8-pimiatifi-

dis, glabris: capitulis l-S, glomeratis, foliis demissioribus : brae-
teis tomentosis prsecipue superioribus.

Leafy-headed Serruria.

A small bush, common in the sandy plains of Zwartlandy but
in no collection here to my knowledge, except that at Katj where
it flowered in 1 8C)6. Leaves 1 to If inch long, 3-pinnatifid from
below their middle^ smooth. Heads 1 to 3, clustered, lower than
the leaves. Bractes cottony, especially the upper ones.

RostetlariSy Q6. S. caule decumbente: foliis I- If pollicem longis, rare 2*

pinnatifidis, rostellatis, fere glabris : capitulo subsessili : bracteis
inferioribus Isevibus, superioribus tomentosis : stigmate linearL
Little-beaked Serruria.

Introduced by Messrs, Lee and Kennedy in 1800, from dry
. stony parts of the Zwarteberg mountains, where Mr. J. Nivek
afterwards found it. Stem slender, dark red, decumbent, nearly
smooth. Leaves 1 to If inch long, thinly 2-pinnatifid, their cal-
lous point like a little beak, almost glossy. Head nearly sessile.
Lower Bractes smooth, upper ones cottony. Stigma linear. It
lived through the winters of 1802 and 1803 in the open air at
Mill Hillj without any other protection than a' mat.

Concinna ; 27- S. foliis 7-1 1 lineas longis, ab infra medium 3-fidis pinnati-
fidis, 2-pinnatifidisque, fere glabris : capitulo subsessili, foliis al-
tiore : bracteis lineari-attenuatis, omnibus rare fimbriatis.

Neat Serruria.

This is a slender shrub with weak branches, discovered by Mr.
J. N I VEN in Roo€l€ Zand, and now flowering luxuriantly in the col-
lection of Messrs. Lee and Kenn edt. Leaves 7 to 1 1 lines long^
3-fid pinnatifid and 2-pinnatifid from below their middle, almost
glossy. Head nearly sessile, higher than the leaves, firactes
linear-attenuated, all thinly. fringed.

S»ruria.-y THE NATURAL ORDER OP PROTEEiE. 89

••• Bractea tiMtneroia .' petahHitn vtHis patentibus.

28. S. foliis 6-9 lineas longis, a medio 3-fidis paucisqiic rare pin- Pulchellay
' natifidis, glabris: capitulo subsessili: bracteis longis, lineari-at-
tenuatis, hirsutis : antl^eris obtusis.

Protea cyanoides. Thunb. Diss. n. 5. Leucadendron cyanoides.
Berg. PI. Cap. p. 9:7. Cyanus asthiopicus, &c. Plukn. Mant. p.
61. /. as.f. 6. Pretty Serruria.

This delicate spe^i^p ha^ not the $mallest likeness to any Cya-
nus. It ^rpws wild abundantly near Viscker. Hock, an4 is now
dowering in Messrs. Lee and Kennedy's nursery as luxuriantly,
as at the Cape. Leaves 6 to 9 lines lopg,.3-|id/roin their middle,-
and a few thinly pinnatifid, glossy. Head of Flowers nearly,
sessile. Bractes long, linear-attenuated, hairy. Anthers obtuse.

29- S. foliis 5-8 Imeas longis, paucis simpTfcibus ab infra me- JEmuUs ;
diiim S-fidisque, glabf is : capitulo subsessili : bracteis longis, li-
neari-attenuatis, hirsutis rahtheris mucrOnatls.
Rival Serruria. • '

Very similar to the preceding, but unquestionably a legitimate
species, discovered by Mr. J. Nivex near TigerSerg. Leaves 5
to 8 lines long, a few simple, the rest 5-fid from below their mid-
die, glossy. Head of Flowers nearly sessile. Bractes long, li-
near-attenuated, hairy. Petals bearded with longer hairs than in
the preceding. Anthers muctonated.

30. S. foliis 4-6 lineas longis, densis, ab infra medium 3-fidis, Foliosay
glabris: capitulo subsessili: bracteis dense tomentosis: petalis
infra limbum lasvibus.
. Leafy Serruria.

A subdecumbent shrub with rigid branches, seldom more than,
a foot 'high, discovered by jtfr. J. Niven in tlif. sandy plains

go OK THE CDIAIVATION <ff £Scmpw.

near BlaoMcierg Lcxves 4 to 6 lines long, close, 3-fid from be-
low their middk; gfawr. Head Bcaity sessile. Bractes thickly
cottooT. Petals sBBOodi bckNT die Emb.

Irih^m, 31. S. fblns 1*4^ pofficem longB^ ad infira fliedimn S-fidis, gla-
bffis: c^mlo loogiiMfine peeaoicafi: biactos infenoribus
tis : petalis 3 a medio limbi haiham

Tlus is also a k>w deoBmbcu species^ but widi more slender
biandiestian tihr fast described. Jir. J. Xites^ discovered it in
ibe sandy pbie^vnrlFjMky^. Lnvcs^tol indi km^ 3-fid &om
belo Y dietr nttddfe^ I^Qssr. Head as long as the Peduncle. Lower
BnctK tHn^edL TknK I^etak adr bended fiom die nuddle of
dielhnh.

FmUmjt; 32. S. Mas 5*7 liaKflis longB^ ab infita f dinm dense S-pinnati-
fidis, gbbiis: c^iif lo sdbtdKSoIi: bsaiteis tisi^riatis: petalis in-
fra limbom baibatis. dense i^aadnligeris.

FallacTOus iSennna.

The foliage of this s^iecies teseanbks that of & Qmfmevies-
Iris SO nearlj, that it is almost impassible to disdngnish them
when not in Bower. It was discovered hj Mn J. Nitsk near
PaarL Stem S fc^t high. Leaves i to 7 lines long, closely 2-
pinnatifid from below their middle, glossy. Head nearly sessile.
Bractes fringed. Petals beaixkd below the limb, besprinkled with
a great many glands.

Barbigtra^ 33. S. caule vix pubescentulo : foliis lf-2 pollices longis, amox

infra medium plerisque 2-pinoatifidis : capitulis 1-S, long^tadine
pedunculi : bracteis vix re6exis ciliatisve : petalis longissime bar-
batis.
Protea abrotanifblia. Jndr. in 6ot. Rep. n. 507. cum Ic. / 4.

Setruria.']

THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^.

91

pessimS. Leucadendron phylicoides. Berg. Pi.Cap.p.QQ. Bearded
Semiria,

A shrub 2 feet liigh, growing wild plentifully on the high
mountains near Hottentots Holland Kloof. Stem almost quite
smooth. Leaves 14- to 2 inches long, 2-pinnatifid from very near
below their middle, a few only pinnatifid. Heads 1 to 3, as long
as the peduncle. Bractes scarcely either reflexcd or ciliated.
Petals bearded with very long hairs.

34. S. caule pubescentulo : foliis I^^S pollices longis, ab infra Parilis,
medium omnibus 2-pinnatifidis: capitulis 1-3, pedunculo breviori-
bus: bracteis reflexis, ciliatis : stigmate angusto,

Protea abrotanifolia. Andr. in Hot. Rep. n. 509. cum Ic. baud
bond. Matched Serniria.

i cannot regard this as a variety of the preceding species, though
nearly allied to it : for, the leaves difler in wild specimens, as
well as in the plants cultivated here. Mr. J. Nivzn discovered
it, on the mountains, near Klein Hout Huek. Stem fiueiy^pubes*
cent Leaves If to i2 inclies long, all S-pinnatiful from below
their middle. Heads 1 to 3, shorter than the peduncle. Bractes
reflexed, ciliated. Stigma narrow.

SS. S. caule minute tomentoso: foliis 2-24- pollices longis, ab Chlamydifiora,
infra medium 3-pianati6dis : capitulis i-3, pedunculo vix breviori-
bus : bracteis cxtus pubesctntibus.

Vest-flowering Serruria.

From the high mountains near Francke Hock, where Mr. J.
NiVEN discovered it, and sent its seeds for the following species.
Only a single plant was raised at Clapham, but it is hardy, and
easily propagated by cuttings. Stem 3 and 4 feet high, finely
cottony. Leaves 2 to 2t inches long, 2-pinnatifid from below
their middle. Heads I to 3, scarcely shorter than the peduncle.
Bractes externally pubescent.

9£ ' i : ^C(N THE CULTIVATION or. . [Pe

Florida^ 36. S. foliis S4^3 ]pollices longis^^ longe ab infra medium 2*pia-
natifidis : capitulis 3-5, pedunculo brevioribus : bracteis grandibus^
kevibus Cilia rote ;. superioribus petalis longioribus^ ciliati$i» .

Protea florida. ThunKDiss. n. £. /. L^ 1. Florid Serruria.
* 'This grand species has never been in our coliections, nor I ber
lieve ever found again at the C^^, since Professor Th UN berg dis-
covered it near Franchc Hoek. Leaves £4^ to 3 inches long, S-pin^
Hatifid from a great way below their middle. Heads 3 to 5> shorter
than the peduncle. Bractes large, smooth with a fine dew; those
between the flowers longer than the petals^ ciliated.

PSTROPUILE. R. Br,

^^ •

FloresinCapitulooblongoter* - Flowers in a terminal Head,

minalr, minoribus nunc ex ulti- smaller ones often from the laat

mis axillts. Bractea 1 inter singiv- axils* A »ngle Bracte to tradv

los, arctissime imbricatse, sqiNt^ verj dosrly imbricated, scaly:

macese: gemmaceis nuUis. Pe- no gemmaceoua ones. Petals, re^

tala regularia, libera. Pericar- gnlar, sepsuriate. Pericarpium :t>

pium 1-spermum, nuciforme, seeded^ like a. Not,
latere superiore rimIL mellife- on the upper side ? edges beard-
rum? ad oras barbatum. Stylus ed;' Style a. k>ng time green,
dm vegetus. Frute^ kumiiiir Alwakruki ktsvtsiuortQr Iw
foliis plus minus decomposiiis. subdivided. .

The name is derived from two Greek words^ TtrfMr and ^A% this
genus being found in rocky places. i

Fucifolia. \. P. foliis 2-3-pinnatifidis^ laciniis ultimis ssepe brevissimis». »

Protea pulchella. Cao. Ic. v. 6. p. 33. t. 550. Prot^ pulchella.
Sitns in Bot. Mag. n. 796. ^um Ic, Protea pulchella. Sehrad^in
Serf. H(iLTm.l.p. 15. t. 7. Protea Fucifolia. Salisb.. Prodr. p. 4&
Fucus-leaved Petrophile.

Isapogon.} . THE NATURAt ORDER OF PROTEEiE. 93

■I This shrub grows wild near Por/ Jackson, ripening seeds here
annually, and may be increased by cuttings; but it has few. claims
to a place in our collections, and none at all to the title of Put-
chetla. In the decomposition of its leaves, it approaches closely
to. many Fuci; I have therefore retained the specific name given
to it from that resemblance, which has likewise the right of
priority.

IsoPOGOK. R.Br.

Flores in Capitulo sessili, ter- Flowers in a sessile terminal

minali. Bracteal inter singulos, Head. A single Bracte to each,

arctissime imbricatae, squama- very closely imbricated, scaly;

cese ; pra^ter gemmaceas paucas. besides a fe\v gemmaceous ones.

Petala regnlaria, ultra bracteas Petals regular, cohering into a

in tubum coalita. Pericarpium 1- tube beyond the bractes. Pericar-

spermum, nuciforme, pilis longi- pium 1 -seeded, like a Nut, beard-

tudine subsequalibus undique ed all over with hairs nearly

barbatum. Stylus ultra bracteas equal in length. Style soon falling

mox deciduus. Fruiices: foliis off beyond the bractes. Shrubs:

simpiicibus decompositisque^ leaves simple and subdivided.
.. > The name is derived from two Greek words itrotr and Tivymy, thi^
hairs of tlie Pericarpium being nearly all of the same length.

1. I. foliis 1 1:^24- pollices longis,.late (2-pinnatifidis, scabris : pe- AncmancfoU'
. talis infra limbum Isevibus. , ^ ^^>

Protea tridactylides. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 33. /• 548. Protea ane-
monefolia. Kenn. in Bot Rep. n. 332. cum Ic. Protea anemone-
Jblia. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 697- cum Ic. Protea Anemonefolia.
^l^b. Frodr. p. 48. Anemone-leaved Isopogon.

A shrub i^ or 6 feet high, found wild near Pi^rt Jackson, the

94 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ICanospemwm.

foliage of which here is generally very brown. leaves If to 24-
inches long^ broadly S-pinaatifid, rough. Petals smooth below
the limlK

Anethif alius. 2. I. foliis 4-6 polHces longis, anguste 2-pint;iatifidiSp Isevibus :

petalis infra limbum sericeis.

Pro tea divaricata. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 465. Protea acufera.
Cav.If. v.6.p. 33. /. 549. Protea Anethifolia. Salisb. Prodr.p.^S.
Dill-leaved Isopogon.

A lower shrub in our collections than the preceding, growing
wild near Port Jackson. Leaves 4 to 6 inches long, narrowly 2-
pinnatifid, smooth. Petals silky below the limb. Both species
ripen seeds here annually, and may be propagated by cuttings.

CoNOSPERMUIff. Sm.

Flores in Spic^ paniculate e Flowers in a panicled Spike

summis axiliis. Bractea 1 ad sin- from the uppermost axils. One

gulos. Petalaintubumfaucean- Bracte to each. Petals cohering

gustumcoalita: limbo irregulari into a narrow-mouthed tube:

fere Orchidis. Filamentorum limb irregular, almost as in Or-

dorsale antheriferum, lateralia chis. Dorsal Filament bearing an

^antherifera, anticum pror- anther, lateral ones ^ an anther,

sus castratum. Pericarpium 1- front one none. Pericarpium 1-

spermum, late turbinatum, pilis seeded, top-shaped, fringed with

longis iimbriatum. FruticuH: long hairs. Low shrubs: leaves

foliis stmplicibus. simple.

This genus is so named in the 4th volume of the Linnean Trans*

actions J from two Greek words ;^amr and ovegfta, its seed being
top-shaped.

CMOipermmn.^ THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEfi^E.

9i

I. C. foliis ^ lines latis^ 4-5 longis^ linearibus, teretiusculis. Ericafolium^

Erica-leaved Cofiospermunu

A shrub, not unlike some of the narrow-leaved Gnaphaliums
and XeranthemumSj before it flowers% Leaves t a line broad, 4
to 5 long, linear, rcHindisb«

. SL C. foliis t-lf lineam latis, 7-l>2 loagis,. spatulato-lanceolatis,, Falcifoli$im^
plus minus falcatis,'Vix marginatis.

Scythe-leaved Conospermum.

Leaves 1-14- line broad, 7 to 12 long, spatulated-lanceolate, more
or less falcated, scarcely marginated.

3. C. foliis S-3 lineas latis, 5^8 longisj spatulato-lanceolatis, su- Rigidutn^
peme marginatis.

Rigid Conospermimi.

Leaves 2 to S lines broad, 5 to 8 long, spatulated-lanceolate;
marginated towards their top.

4. C. foliis 2-7 lineas latis, 3-8 poilices longis^ spatulato-lanceo- Longifolium.
latis marginatis, nervosis.

C. longifolium. Smith Ex. Bot. v. 2. p. 45. t. 42. Long-leaved
Conospermum.

Leaves 2 to 7 lines broad, 3 to finches long, spatulated-lanceo-
late, marginated, nerved. All these species grow wild, near Port
Jackson^ where they were discovered by Mr. David Burton, and
I have repeatedly sown seeds of the first, but not one has ever
succeeded.

96 ON THE CULTIVATION OP iJdeaafiihei.

Adenanthes. Labili

Flores 1-rii; in Capitulis pe- Flowers 1-ry; in axillary and

dunculatisy axillaribus terminali- terminal peduncied Heads. Brae-

busque. Bractea 6-\% in Invo- tes 6-12, imbricated into an In-

lucrum imbricatas, persistentes ; volucrum, persistent ; besides 2

prseterSadbasinpedunculi. Pe- at the base ot the peduncule.

talainferneventricosula,indeva- Petals ventricose below, then

rie libera; antico angustiore, separated; front one narrow, in

nuncsterili. Nectaria4, oblonga, some barren. Nectaries 4, ob-

Pericarpium 1-spermum. t^ruti- long. Pericarpium 1-seeded.

ces : foliu integris decompositis- Shrubs : leaves entire and sub^

que. divided.

The name is derived from two Greek words otSiji^ aufdo^; on ac-
count of the glandular nectaries.

Ftabellifolia, 1. A. foliis simplicibus, late obcuneatis, plerisque 3-5-dentato-

prsemorsis, sericeis : involucro 4-6-phyllo.

A. cuneata. Labili. Nov. Hill. v. ]. p. S9- l- 37. Fan-leaved
Adepanthes.

From the IVest coast of New Holland^ where Labillardiere dis-
covered, it Leaves simple, broadly obcuneate, very few quite en-
tire, the rest bitten off in 3 to 5 teeth, silky. Involucrum of 4 or
^ 6 Bractes.

Obovatay 2. A. foliis simplicibus, obovatis, integerrimis, obsolete 3-nervi-
bus, glabris : involucro 6-8-phyllo.

Au obovata. Labili. Nov. Hili. v.\.p. 29. t- 87« Obovate Ade-
nanthes.

Brabeiwn.] TH E NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEaS. 97

Mr. A. Menzies discovered this species, at King George'^
Soundy before Labillardiere was upon the coast. Leaves simple,
obovate, quite entire : nerves 3 with a few lateral ones, but none
of them so strong as they appear in the figure above quoted. In-
volucrtim of 6 or 8 Bractes. Petals besprinkled with resinous
glands as in many Serrurias,

3. A. foliis 2-pinnatifidis, laciniis angustissimis, sericeis: invo- Sericea,
lucro 10-12-phyllo. •

A. sericea. Labill. Nov. H§IL v. \. p. 29. y. 38. Silky Ade-
nanthes.

This species was also discovered by Mr. A. Menzies, at King
George's Sound, and is not unlike Paranomus Argenteus, its silky
leaves being 2-pinnatifid with very narrow divisions. In volucrum
of 10 or 12 Bractes. I believe none of these curious shrubs arc
in this country.

Brabeium. Z.

Flores 2-ni; in spicis longis. Flowers 2 together; in long

axillaribus. Brae tea 1 ad singula axillary Spikes. A Bracte to

paria, caducae ; gemmaceis infra each pair, caducous ; no gemma-

nullis. Petala regularia, recurva. ceous ones below. Petals regu-

Filamenta basi petalorum inser- lar, recurved. Filaments insert-

ta, tota libera. Nectarium 4-den- ed at the base of the petals, not

tatum. Pericarpium 1 -sperm um, adhering. Nectarium 4-den tat-

drupaceum. Frutex : Joliis The- ed. Pericarpium 1-seeded, dru-

ophrastce, ^certicillaiis^plerumque paceous. A shrub : leaves of The^

G-nis, lanceolatiSj dentatis. ophrasta, /awccoto/e, dentated.

The name is deiix'^ed from a Greek word |3pa3eiov; its branches

o

98

ON THE CULTIVATION OF

IPenodnia.

being like a sceptre. Some Flowers have 5 Petals and 5 Sta-

mina.

StellarCy l, B. pericarpio tomentoso.

B. stellulifolium. JVilld. Sp. PL v. 4i. p. 972. B. atellatum.
Thunb. Trav v. 1. p. 129. ^t 215. Brabyla capensis. Linn. Mant.
p. 137. B. stellatifolium. Linn.Sp. PI. ed. Q. p. 177. B. foliis, &c.
Linn. Hort. Cliff, p. 36. Amygdalus aethiopica, &c. Breyn. Cent.
• 1. /. 1. Arbor hexaphylla, &c. Plukn. Aim. p. 47. t. 9,65. f. 3.

Starry Brabeium. ^

A handsome evergreen shrub, the kernels of which are sa eager-
ly devoured by the Hottentots as well as PigSy that it is now be-
come scarce in tbe vicinity of Cape Town^ and has never been in-
troduced into our collections. ^Professor Thunberg found it by
rivulets not far from Paarl, and informs us, that the country peo^
pie there, after taking off the rind, and steeping the fruit in
water, to deprive it of its bitterness, roast it as a substitute for
coffee.

Persoonia. Siyi.

Flores 1-7; in Spicis ad basin
ramorum novorum axillaribus.
Bracteae in 1-floris nullas; in 1-7-
floris ad basin singulorum solita-
riae, gemmaccae. Petala vix regu-
laria inferioribus gibbosioribus :
limbo longissimo. Nectaria4,sub-
conica. Pericarpium 2-spermum
altero saepe casso, drupaceum,
deciduum. Frutices : foliis sim^
plicibus.

Flowers 1 -7 ; in Spikes from the
lower axils. Bractes in 1-florous
species none: in 1-7-flowered
solitary at the base of each, gem-
maceous. Petals hardly regu-
lar the lower ones more pro-
tuberant: limb very long. Nec-
taries 4, somewhat conical. Pe-
ricarpium 2-seeded, I often abor-
tive, drupaceous, deciduous.
Shrubs: leaves simple.

Penotmia,-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^ 99

The genus is named after an excellent botanist, Christian
Henuy Pebsoon, and in my humble opinion has no affinity what-
ever to Loranthus,

• * Spica X'fiora,

1. P. foliis 4 lineae iatis, 5-7 longis, lineari-lanccolatis, obtusis, Hirsuta^
hirsutis, lateribus valde revolutis.

Hairy Persoonia.

A rusty coloured species, growing wild near Port Jackson^
which flowered at Clapham in 1 803. Leaves j a line broad, 5 to
7 long, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, hairy, roundish from their sides
being exceedingly rolled back.

2. P. foliis T lineae latis, 5-8 longis, lineari-lanceolatis, spinulosc Juniperina ^
mucronatis, pubescentibus, concavis.

P. juniperina. LabilL Nov. S tell. v. I. p. 33. /. 45. Juniper-
like Persoonia.

This is a native of Van Diemens IsUindj and M-as discovered by
Labillardiere. The fruit when mature is 2-locular, and the
seeds have 4 cotyledons ; but I suspect that in a young state be-
fore the stone is formed, it may be 1-locular like that of the others.
Leaves i a line broad, 5 to 8 long, linear-lanceolate, spinulous at
the point, pubescent, concave.

3. P. foliis 1 lineam latis, 1-2 pollices longis, lineari-lanceolatis, Angustifolia.
obtuse mucronatis, pubescentibus, concavis.

P. linearis. Vent. Hort. Mulm. n. 32. cum Ic. P. linearis. Sims
in Bot. Mag. n. 760. cum Ic. P. linearis. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n.
77. ctim Ic. Narrow-leaved Persoonia.

Introduced in 1794, by the late J. Robertson, Esq. of Stock-
welly from Port Jackson. Cuttings will strike root, if judiciously

100 ON THE CULTIVATION OF iPertooiria.

chosen, and it sometimes ripens seeds in this country. Leaves 1
line broad, 1 to 2 inches long, linear-lanceolate, obtusely mucro-
nate, pubescent, concave.

LigusirinUf 4. P. foliis 3-5 lineaslatis, lj-2 pollices longis, spatulato-lance-

olatis, obtuse acuminatis, adultis Isevibus : pedunculo petalis'multo
breviore.

P. lanceolata, Kettfi. in Bot. Rep. n. 74-. cum Ic. Privet-like
Persoonia.

Introduced in 1791 from Por^t Jackson, by J. Wilson, Esq. of
Islington, in whose collection, as well as at Clapham, it ripened
fruit. Leaves 2 to 3 lines broad, ]|- to 2 inches long, spatulated-
lanceolate, obtusely acuminated, smooth when old. Peduncle
much shorter than the Petals. The names hitherto given to
this and the preceding species, are so contrary to truth, that I can-
not adopt them.

Latifolia ; 5. P. foliis 5-9 lineas latis, 2t-4 pollices longis, spatulato-lance-

olatis, obtuse acuminatis, adultis Isevibus : pedunculo fere longi-
tudine petalorum.

Linkia Isevis. Cav. Ic. v. 4. p. 61. t. 389- P. latifolia. Kenn. in
Boi. Rep. n. 280. cum Ic. Broad-leaved Persoonia.

This species was first raised here by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy,
who received the seeds from Port Jackson, in 1795. Like all tlie
others, it thrives best in sandy loam, and may be increased by
cuttings. Leaves 5 to 9 lines broad, 2|- to 4 inches long, spatu-
lated-lanceolate, obtusely acuminated, smooth when old. Pedun-
cle almost as long as the Petals.

** Spica 3'7-flora.

Ferruginea. 6. P. foliis 1-li poUicem latis, 2-3 longis, suboppositis, ovali-

lanceolatis, obtuse acuminulatis, adultis laevibus.

P. ferruginea. Smith Ea\ Bot. v. 2. p. 47. ^ 83. Rusty Per-
soonia*

Byplatsa.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEJE.

l&l

A native of Port Jackson^ where it flowers in November, but
has not yet to my knowledge been introduced here. Leaves 1 to
^'i inch broad, 2 to 3^ long, oval-lanceolate, obtusely acuminated,
smooth when old.

EuPLASSA. Salisb.

Flores 2-ni ; in Spicis longis,ad
basin ramorum novorum axillari-
bus. Bractea 1 ad singula paria,ca-
ducRs : gemmaceis infranullis. Pe-
tala secunda, tota libera. Anthe-
rae limbo subsessiles. Nectarium
annulare basi 4-lobo. Pericarpi-
um 2-spermum, 1-loculare. Stig-
ma spatulatum, laterale. Fru-
tex : Joliis abrupte pinnatis, fo^
Uolis 3'4'jugis.

Flowers 2 together ; in longax-^
illary Spikes at the base of the
new branches. A Bracte to each
pair, caducous : no gemmaceous
ones below. Petals I-ranked,
quite separate. Anthers almost
sessile. Nectarium annular with
a 4-lobed base. Pericarpium 2-
seeded, 1-locular. Stigma lateraL
A shrub: leaves abruptly pinna t--
erf, leaflets 3-4-crf.

The name is derived from two Greek words fu, TrXoora-ar; the
leaves resembling those of many Leguminosa.

E. pericarpii stipite barbato.

Ropala pinnata. Rujdge Pi Guian. p. 25. t, 37. Roupala pinna-
ta. Poiretin EncycL Bot. v. &. p. 317. Meridional Euplassa,

This genus differs from every other of the Order yet discovered
in its Nectarium, which resembles that of many Ericas, and still
more in habit. In such as we hitherto know with compound
leaves, a leaflet or segment always terminates the petiole ; but in
this they are regularly placed in opposite pairs, the petiole ending
in a small process, precisely as in many Leguminosa. It grows
wild in Guianej where it was discovered by Richard, and I am
indebted to Edward Rudge, Esq. for tht specimen here de-
scribed.

Meridionalis^.

tot ON THE CU LTIV ATION OF {RopaU.

ROPALA. Aubl.

Florcs 2-ni ; in Spicis longis Flowers 2 together; in long

axillaribus. Bractea 1 ad singula axillary Spikes. A Bracte to

paria, caduca? ; gemmaceis infra each pair, caducous ; no gem-

nuUis. Petala regularia, libera, maceous ones below. Petals re-

Filamenta ad apiccm unguium gular, separated. Filaments in-

inserta. Nectarium profunde 4- serted at the top of the claws,

fidum. Pericarpiumleguminifor- Nectarium deeply 4-fid. Peri-

me, 1-loculare, 2-valve, ligno- carpium like a Pod, l-locular,

sum. Stigma clavatum. Semina 2-valved, woody. Stigma club-

2, undique alata. Frutices : fo- shaped. Seeds 2, winged all

His sitnplicibus impari-pinnatis- round. Shrubs : leaves simple or

guCj nunc dentatis. pinnated^ in some dentated.

The name is derived from gocraXov; on account of its club-
s»haped stigma :

Laurifolia^ 1. R. foliis simplicibus; laming breviter petiolata, late lanceo-

lat4, integerrima : antheris filamento 2-plo longioribus.

R. nitida. Rudge PL Guian. p. 26. t. 39^ Laurus-leaved Ro-
pala.

This species was discovered in Guiane, by Mr. Joseph Mar-
tin, who is just now cultivating Clove, Cinnamon^ and Nutmeg
trees there, with the greatest success. Leaves simple ; lamina
shortly petiolated, broadly lanceolate, quite entire. Anthers
twice as long as the filament. The glaze upon the leaves in the
specimen before me, appears artificial rather than natural ; they
are however undoubtedly glossy on their upper surface.

Pyrifclia. 2. R. foliis simplicibus ; lamini longe petiolata, ovali-lanceola-

t4, integerrim^: antheris filamento 6-plo longioribus.
]

Bopala.} THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEE^. 109

Pear-leaved Ropala.

I am indebted to Edward Rudge, Esq. for a specimen of this, at
well as the preceding species, which was also discovered in Guiane,
by Mr. Joseph Martin. Leaves simple; lamina with a long pe-
tiole, oval-lanceolate, quite entire. Anthers 6 times longer than
the filament

3. R. foliis simplicibus ; laming longe petiolati, ovali-lanceolat^, Dentigera ;
dentate : antheris filamento 5-plo loiigioribus.

Toothed Ropala.

From the Island of Trinidad, where its seeds were collected by
Mr. James Hope, which vegetated freely at Clapham. Leaves
simple ; lamina with a long petiole, oval-lanceolate, dentated.
Anthers 5 times longer than the filament. This species may be
easily propagated by cuttings : it forms a very spreading bush,
and the flowers have so little beauty, that few people will give it
the room and great heat it requires, to make it thrive.

4. R. foliis simplicibus impari-pinnatisque : lamind ovali-lance- Montana^
olatA, integerrimA : antheris filamento S-plo longioribus.

Rupalamontana. VahL Symb. 3. p. 20. Roupala montana. ^f^^/.
PL Guia72.v. I. p. 83. t. 32. Mountain Ropala,

This species waa discovered by Aublet on the summit of the
Serpent Mountam in Guiane, who informs us that the bark and
wood if wounded emit a foetid smell, like that of the snakes of
the country. Leaves simple and pinnated with an odd leaflet :
lamina oval-lanceolate, quite entire. Anthers 3 times longer than
the filaments.

4W THi OTLTIVATKMi OF [Pmwyiii.

PxToriis. Saliib.

Hi

fc^ri j:«:ri Flowers 2 together; in a long

1 tenninal Spike with whorled

**M^^.*

c&da- branches. A Bracte to each pair^
xxsjBs^ Pe- cadacous; no gemmaceous ones

below. Petals regular, separat-

^ Twtfin-T xigT^rr isserLa. cd. Filaments inserted at the

Ti;£:intf rczsc. crrso- middle of the claws. Nectarium
L3r. rsicirzfszi £-5per- sheathing, gnawed-toothed. Pe-

* ■*!

-mrrrr, i-ioL^ire. Fr%rzz:jc4us ricarpium 2-seeded, 1-locular.

A shrub : leaves whorled^ 4 to-
gether^ quite entire.
T^ aaa» » oerived from two Greek words mcur cof^ ; its pe-
rils 2«a:r r«>:;inrec e^nm- wav.

^iiai^ ! F. f,"^ rwvl^sirse pedolaiis^ obovato-lanceolatis.

SrckL^ Htr^rl^j^fc^'x ifa.Vf PL Guian.p. 22. /. 31. Ropala ses-
^>r^ S; a^ A.cixrz -T J.:t. 5ic. Xj/. Par. \.p. 106. Hameiia-leaved

y-.Tc; i cif firSrnrc x: Kcs: in ycfccmher IfOS, which I have
o.n.sTOL^ >% ::>:!:>? 5sxv::aca :n Mr. Rvdge's herbarium, this was
A^x^« :risr • >:^ i-*Jum* pltiits taken by two of our Privateers,
x:k^ i-\^ 'ti:v* j<trc>*i5<v; by his Makstj- I have not seen ripe
S V :, Ix ' ^ x\Nl;r^ v^oci^ :-^^ ^^ - ^^^^ evidently winged, and
. v^ .*>^^ .^ , »- ♦ *V -^^^xr^x^rr^^ structure of nectarium, as well as
\i,x -. IvNixc -.^ v-vv>; :V*i: it cor.stitutes a legitimate genus. Leaves
V ,v ^ N Vv .v«$. s^vrtA j<t:olated, obovate-lanceolatc.

Xjfiomelum.-] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTE^/E.

105

Xylohelum. Sm.

Flores2-ni; in Spicis longissi-
mis ad basin ramorum novorum
axillaribus. Bractea 1 ad singu-
la paria, deciduas. Petala regula-
ria, libera. Nectaria 4, condyli-
formia. Pcricarpium conchaefor-
me, Henosum, l-ioculare,2- valve,
persistens. Semina2, apicealata.
Frutex : foliis pier is que oppo-
sitiSf integerrimis spinuloseque
den tat is.

Flowers 2 together ; in very
long axillary Spikes at the ^base
of new branches : A Brdcte to
each pair, deciduous. Petals re-
gular, separated. Nectaries 4|
knuckle-shaped. Pericarpium
shell-like, woody, 1-locular, 2-
valved, persistent. Seeds 3,
winged at the top. A shrub: leaves
generally opposite, quite entire
and spinnlousljf dentated.

The name is derived from two Greek^words, ^Xoy| ftt]Xay : the
woody fruit resembling a Pear inverted.

1. X. pericarpio tomentoso.

Hakea piriformis. Cav. Ic v. 6. p. 25. /. 536. Banksia pyrifor-
mis, Gartn. Tract, v. I. p. 220. t. A7.f. 1. Banksia pyriformis.
White Voy. p. 224. cum Ic. Wooden Pear.

This shrub grows wild near Port Jackson, to the height of 10
feet or more ; but has never been plentiful, or flowered that I
could hear of, in' this country. It apparently thrives in sandy
loam, yet makes little progress. Tlie Fruit is cottony.

Pyriforme.

Hakea* Schrad.

Flores 2-ni: in Spicis axillari- Flowers 2 together: in axil-
bus, fasciculum simulantibus. lary Spikes resembling a bundle,
Bractea 1 ad singula paria, gem- A Bracte at the base of each

p

106 ON TH£ CULTIVATION OF [HUm.

macese, caducae. Petala secunda pair, gemmaceous, caducous. Pe-

barbi null&, libera, supeme re- tals distinct, rolled back to one

voluta. Nectariumlunatum. Pe- side, without any beard. Necta-

ricarpium et Semina ut in Xylo- rium crescent-shaped.

melo. Fru tices :foliis simpUcibus pium and Seeds as in Xylomelum.
decompositisve^ teretibus planis- Shrubs: leaves simple or com-
w, nunc in eodem ramo. pounds round or flat.

The genus is named by Professor Schrader, after Baron
Christian Lewis Hake, a great encourager of Botany.

* Folia simpliciay plus minus teretia^ apicc spinulosa.

Glauca^ 1. H. foliis 1-^-4 pollices longis Isevibus cum rore, ecanalicula-
tis : petalis sericeis : pericarpio muricato, longe rostrato.

Conchium longifolium. Smith in Linn. Tratis. v. Q. p. 121. Con-
cilium pugioniforme. Smith in Linn. Trans, v. Q. p. 121. H. pugi-
oniformis. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 24. t. 535. H. glabra. Schrad. in Sert.
Hann. Wl.p. 27- t. 7. Banksia teretifolia. Salisb. Frodr.p. 51.
Glaucous Hakea.

The Leaves of this species vary exceedingly in length, being
1 ^ to 4 inches long on the same branch : they are glaucous, smooth
with a fine dew, quite round without any channel underneath.
Petals silky. Pericarpium muricated, its beak long. It grows
wild near Port Jackson^ and may be increased by cuttings, as well
as seeds, whidh ripen freely here.

PariliSj 2. H. foliis 1-2 pollices longis, Isvibus cum rore, ecanaliculatis :
petalis lanatis.

Matched Hakea.

This species was commtmicated by Sir Thomas Gage, Bart,
and grows wild near Port Dalrymple^ wl ere it was discovered
by Colonel Pateiison. I have not seen the fruit, but can hardly

Hakea.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEliE. 107

regard it as a variety of the preceding. Leaves 1 to 2 inches long,
smooth with a fine dew, not channelled underneath. Petals
woolly.

3. H. foliis 1-2 pollices longis, adultis glabris, subtus parum Acicularh
canaliculatis : petalis Isevibus: pericarpio subrotundo, rugoso.

Conchium aciculare. Smith in Linn. Tr. v. 9* 121. Conchium
aciculare. Vent. Jard. Malm. p. 111. cum Ic. H. sericea. Schrad.
in Serf. Hann. 111. p. 27* Banksia tenuifolia. Salisb. Prod. p. 50.
Needle-leaved Hakea.

A very common shrub formerly in our collections, but so prickly
that few people will keep it long. Leaves 1 to 2 inches long,
glossy when old, sericeous when young, slightly channelled under-
neath. Petals smooth. Pericarpium nearly round; wrinkled. It
grows wild near Port Jackson.

4. H. foliis 2-3 pollices longis, adultis glabris, subtus parum Pini folia :
canaliculatis : petalis rare villosis : pericarpio subtrotundo, rugo-

so, brevissime mucronato.

Conchium gibbosujn. Smith in Linn. Tr. v. Q. p. 1 19. H. gib-
bosa. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 24. t. 534. H. pubescens. Schrad. in Sert.
Hann. Wl.p. 27. Banksia gibbosa. White Voy.p. 224. t. 22. f. 2.
Banksia pinifolia. Salisb. Prodr. p. 51. Pine-leaved Hakea.

I fear that this species, which grows wild near Port Jack-,
son, will be banished from our collections for the same reason as
the preceding: they both ripen seeds with us, and may be increas-
e<l by cuttings. Leaves 2 to 3 inches long, glossy when old,
slightly channelled underneath. Petals thinly villous. Pericar-
pium nearly round ; a little protuberant on one side, but so like
its congeners in that respect, that a worse name than gibbosum
could hardly have been selected for it ; wrinkled, very shortly
inucronatcd.

10& ON THE CULTIVATION OP IFlAkea.

*• Folia simplida, plana.

Saligna, 5. H. foliis 4-5 lineas latis, 3-4 pollices longis, lanceolatis, ob-
tuse acuminulatis, adultis, parum nervosis : pedunculis Isevibus :
pericarpio valdetuberculato apice recurvo.

Conchium salignum. Smith in Linn. Trans, v. Q.p. 124. Embo-
thrium salignum. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 215. cum Ic. bond. Wil-
low-like Hakea.

A fine plant of this handsome species, formerly at Clapham^ is
now in the collection of John Walker, Esq. at Southgate^ with
fruit upon it. It grows wild near Port Jackson^ and may be in-
creased by cuttings. Leaves 4 to 5 lines broad, 3 to 4 inches
long, lanceolate, obtusely acuminulated, smooth when old, some-
what nerved. Peduncle smooth. Pericarpium exceedingly tu-
bercled with a recurved point.

Nervosa, €. H. foliis 3-6 lineas latis, 2-4 pollices longis, spatulato-lance-
olatis, adultis glabris : acuminulatis, valde nervosis : pedunculis
rare sericeis : pericarpio rugosissimo.

Conchium dactyloides. Smith, in Linn. Tr. v. 9. p. 123. Bank-
sia dactyloides. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 25. /. 535. Banksia dactyloides.
Gartn. Tract, v. I. p. 2Zl. t. 47. f. 2. Banksia oleaefolia. Salisb.
Prodr. p. 54. Nervous-leaved Hakea.

This also grows wild near Port Jackson^ and was among the
first plants introduced from thence into our collections, where it
flowers freely, but seldom ripens fruit. Leaves 3 to 6 lines broad,
2 to 4 inches long, spatulated-lanceolate, glossy when old, acumi-
nulated, exceedingly nerved. Peduncles thinly silky. Pericar-
pium very wrinkled.

Ligustrina. 7. H. foliis 4-6 lineas latis, 2-3 pollices longis, anguste lanceo-

4

<h

iM^b&tia.'] THE NATURAL ORDfiR OP PROTECiE. I0&

latis, paucis rare scrratis, rcliquis Integerrimis, apicc spinulosis^,
a^ltis vix glabris.

Privet-lilic Hakea.

A shrub introduced about 10 years ago by M«sr». Lee ami
Kennedy from Port Jackson, and exceedingly like Conchium
Oleigfolium of Dr. Smith : but I have never seen this in flower,
and as the other from Kino George's Sound is more pubescent^
I dare not yet join them. Leaves 4 to 7 lines broad, 2 to 3 inches
long, narrowly lanceolate, a few thinly serrated, the rest quite
entire, spinulous at the point, scarcely smooth when old.

Lambertia. Sm.

/ Flores in Capitulo terminali. Flowers in a terminal Head.

Bractea numeross^ in Involu- Bractes imbricated into an In*

crum imbricatse, ultimse losgitu- volucrum, the last as long or

dine florum vel plus nullis inter- longer than the flowers^ none

stinctis, decidual. Petala vix re- between them, deciduous. Petals

gularia, superne revoluta* Nee- hardly regular, revolute towards

tarium vaginsforme, erosum. the top. Nectarium sl^athing^

Pericarpium ut in Hakea. Semi- gnawed. Pericarpium as in Ha^

na 2, undique alata. Fruticcs : kea. Seeds 2, winged all round.

foliis septus S-nis, simplicibus^ Shrubs: leaves generally in three,

apice spintHosis. simple, spinulous.

The genus is named in honour of Atlmer Bourke Lambert,
Esq.

1. L. foliis t^-2 lineas latis, 2-3 pollices longis, anguste obcu- Formota.
neatis, subtus tomentosis : pericarpio muricato, dorso apiceque
rostratis^

Hi tse: xuariiHw OF

[JiMqiiui.

- ..1

- i J. iL c 147- L tormosa. 5«iiVA in
Z. iuaiflaaL JTiSBL ct Bi^. Rep. n.

r. IV. p. 5. t 9

zsnnj

r., I n.

uzn

A^«

nmcii ailtivated here,
aiami Smut P^ri Jack-

constant

mLj CD die flowers^ the

Ic 3n^ be pnp^atrd by

ira 5 mcaa long, nar-

Pericarpiiiin maricatcd

Jvygyn-fco Rm Bs'

u 11

w ' 5-

Foyers in a^-tenninal Head.
Skactis Xizmeroasv imbricated
•nm oa Ia.¥QiiBcnm shorter than
2e daMrers. mnne between them
xrsGioesc Other parts as in
.' Skrm^: ktrces sim-
ifecieg demfaied.

7% Mr. ROBEET BtOWNy to

.V<^x«i.s. ■ - ^'^^*=^ '^^-^ >iilicem Ica^ obcuncatis. rare serratis, sub-
dues ^^t^ :^c^il>u* inctxb dertbo* x brevioribus: stigmate cla-

Ihus. ^p<vvc^ sibcv^^wtl by Mr. A. Mexzies on the fFest

BdtUcsia.} TH E NATURAL ORDER OF PROT££iE. 1 1 1

coast of New Holland, is not unlike some varieties of lies Aqui^
folium^ and now^ in his Majesty's collection at Kew. Leaves 1-1^
inch long, obcuneate, distantly serrated, almost smooth under-
neath. Bractes 4- shorter than the flowers. Stigma club-shaped.

2. J. foliis 5*9 pollices longis, sublinearibus, dense alteque set- Rackidifotta,
ratis, subtus valde tomentosis: bracteis floribus ^ brevioribus:
stigmate conico.

Banksia nivea. Labill. Voy. I. p. 413. t. 24. Vertebral Jose-
phia.

A low shrub, discovered by Labillardiere on the West coast
of New Holland, in calcareous $oil mixed with sand. Leaves 5
to 9 inches long, nearly linear, deeply serrated, very cottony- un-
derneath. Bractes ^ shorter than the flowers. Stigma shortly
conical. They delight in a dry airy part of the Greenhouse*

Banksia. Z.

Flores 2ni ; in Spica densissi- Flowers S together; in a ter-
mk terminal!. Bracteae 3 ad sin- minal Spike. Bractes 3 to each
gula paria, praeter gemmaceas pair, besides gemmaceous ones,
parvas, persistentes. Petala irre- persistent. Petals irregular, co-
gularia, varie coalita. Pericarpi- " hering variously. Pericarpium
urn conchaeforme, 2-loculare sep- like a shell, 2-locular with an e-
to dissiliente, 2-valve, lignosum. lastic septum, 2-valved. Seeds 2,
Semina 2, apice alata., A r bores winged at the top. Trees or
Fruticesve: foliis varie incise- Shrubs : leaves variously dentat--
dentaiisj rarius integerrimis. ed, seldom quite entire.

This genus receiVes honour itself, rather than confers any, by

U« ON THE CULTIVATION OF [Ewktip.

perpetuating the Family name of the Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Banks,
Sart. K. Q.

Serrafoiia, I* B. caule villoso : foliis 5-9 poUices longis, lineax^lanceolatis^

profunde spinuloseque serratis, subtus rare tomentosis, nervo
utrinque prominente : stigmate parum angulato.

B. sexTBtB.. Andr. in Bot. Rep. n. 82. cum Ic. B. serratifoUa«
Salisb. Prodr. p. 51. Saw-leaved Banks ia.

Ttiis species grows wild near Port Jackson, and is common in
our collections, but very difficult to increase by cuttings, nor does
it flower with us so plentifully as some others. Stem villous.
|>i^ves 6 to 9 inches long, linear-lanceolate, deeply and spinulous-
ly serrated, hardly cottony underneath. Nerve prominent both
above and below. Stigma not much angulated.

Atitis, 2. B. caule tomentoso : foliis 5-7 poUices lougis, spatulato-lan-
ceolatis, obtuse dentatis, subtus rare tomentosis^ nervo utrinque
prominente : stigmate valde angulato.

B. serrata. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 27. t. 540. B. serrata. fThite Voy^
p. 223. cum Jc. 3. B. conchifera. Gtzrtn. Fruct. v. 1. p. 221. ^
48. B. serrata. Linn. Suppl. p. 126. Blunt- toothed Banksia.

Confounded with the preceding by most authors, but the Se-
cretary of the Horticultural Society in his Prodromus observes that
they differ, nor has this to my knowledge, been yet introduced.
Stenv cottony. Leaves 5 to 7 inches long, spatulated-lanceolate,
obtusely dentated, hardly cottony underneath. Nerve prominent
both above and below. Stigma exceedingly angulated.

Uncigeray s. B. caule tomentoso : foliis 5-8 pollices longis, spatulatO-Ian-

ceolatis, serraturis valde uncinatis, subtus tomentosis; nervo su-
pra depresso : stigmate anguste clavato.
N B. oblongifolia. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 28. /. 542. Hook-leaved

Banksia.

Banlaia.] TH E NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEli-E. I IS

I liavc not seen this in any collection, except the Duke of Nor-
THUMBERLAjjD'satiio» House. Stem cottony. I,£aves 5 to 8 inchea
long, spatulated-lanceolate, their serratures exceedingly hooked,
cottony underneath. Nerve depressed on tlie upper side. Stigma
narrowly club-shaped,

4. B. caule tomentoso; foliis j-7 poUices longis, spatulato-lan- Aspkniifolia,
ceolatis, spinulose serratis, subtus valde tomeiitosi.i ; nervo supra

deprcsso: stigmate laie clavato.

B. pra-morsa. Kenn. in Boti Rep. n. £58. WmlQ. B. Aftpleniifor
lia. Salisb. Prodr. p. 51. Asplenium-lcaved Binksia.

This species is seldom healthy here, and ditlicuit to increa«e
by cuttings. Probably, it requires room to spread its roots, for
encouraged at Claphaat in this way, it throve exceedingly
and perfected seeds. Stem cottony. Leaves 5 to 7 inches long,
jpatulated-lanceolate. spinulously serrated, very cottony under-
neath. Nerve depressed on the upper side. Stigma broadly club-
shaped. As the leaves are not more bitten off at the end thao
in many others, I have retained its original name.

5. B. caule tomentoso : foliii 5-9 polliccs longis, obovatis, spi- DHleniafolia ;
nulose serratis, subtus tomentosis nervis valde protninentibua :

stigmate angustissimo.

B. robur. Ca-v. Ic. v. 6. p. 29. f. 543. Dillenia-leavcd Banksia.

A tree 30 feet high or more, growing wild at some distance
friHn Port Jackson, of which icetia have lately arrived. Leaves
S to 9 inches long, obovate, spmulousty serrated, cottony uuder-
Acatb with very prominent nerves. Stigma very narrow.

6. B. caule decumbcnte: foliis 9-15 pollices longis, sinuato- Polypodiifvlia ;
-pinnatilidis, teneiia valde tomentosis : stigmate angustissimo.

^ B. repens. LabUi. yay. 1. p. 41a. /, 23. Polypody-leaved
Banksia.

/

lU ON THE COLTIVATION OF IBanksia.

I A decttmbcnt apecies, discovered on the fVest coast of JVew
HvUdtid by LABiLLAfiDtEKE. Leaves d to 15 inches long, sini^
Bated-pinnatifid, while young cottony. Stigma very narrow.

Oleafalia; 7. B. caule rare tomentoso : foliis 2-3f pollices longis, saepe 3-

nis, lanceolatis obcuneatisque, plerisque integerrimis, subtus to-
mentosis : stigmate fere cylindraceo.

B. oleaefolia. Cav: Ic. v. 6. p. Sa t. 545. B. integrifolia. Cav.
Ic. V. 6. p. 30. t. 546. B. spicata- Gartn. Fruct. v. 1. p. 221. t.
48. B. integrifolia. Linn. SuppLp. 127. Olive-leaved Bauksia.

This grows wild near Port Jackson^ and has leaves of different
shapes and sometimes- serrated^ but in general quite entire, aiid re*
semblitig those of the Olive so much; as to deceive .even botanists :
thcfy are ottly about S *orS inches longy cottony uiiderneath*
Stigtaia altnost cylindrical.

-I'-;

JEricafolia '^'9? B. caule tomttitoso: foliis vix 1 Hneam^ latis, 5-^8 longis, lih

Weatibusy mkrgine revolutis, integerrimis apice sospius 2-furco :
stigmate globose. ;' • ' ^ . . ; '

B. ericaefolia. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 57. t. 538. B. ericasfolia. Kenn. in

•Erifck-leaVfed •Bankdia.' f '^- -■ '-^i*';-;-' .•: '■':.;.-^.

One of the first species introduced here from Port Jackson^ o£-
teft'ripfening seeds with' us; and. growing freely by cuttings. If
tliese are taken from such 'branches; as have arrived at puberty,
^they will flower when only a foot and a half high. Stem cottony.
Leaves scarcely ^ 1 ^ line • bf bad/ 5 to & ' long, linear, rolled back at
the margin, quite eti<»re; almost constantly 2-pconged at thjs top.
Stigma globular.

• - "• ■ . ■''•'.. « . -r ^Ir.'il : '; ■•••1.

Spinulosay 9. B. eaute: pubescent^: : foliis .1 lineam latia, l^S pollices lon^

'gis^ii^^i^bus, faiargin^e i^v4^1\itis,\su()ra medium sJ)iuulofle serllatia

apice 3-furco : stigmate clavato. 3.. .

■. .. I

Sl^furm} TH£ NATURAL OfiP.ER OF f^QJEEIE. 1 15

I

B. spinulosa. jj(m/r. in Bot. Rtp. «. 4^8. cu»i . /c. pptin^. /P.
•pinulosai Cm. hi ,». 6. />. S6. *. ;5.37:.j B.t ^pinulosa. ,S»v*<A- •^«tt'. .
^o//. p. 13. /./4.. Spinulousfianksi^. . .,,.; ■. , > ,-. ; •.

This species is not less comnion, than, the, former in out;
colkctionsy and as easily propagated* . They ^11 .succeed best withf
lis in sandy loaot well drained^ but will not bear confining in,;
small pots. Stem pubescent Leaves 1 linie broad, 14-. to 2 incbet f
long, linear, rolled back at the margin, beyond the middle spinu-
lously serrated^ 3-pronged at the top,. .Stigma. iclubHshaped.; .. /.-x > >

J

f

Stylurus. Satisb. ?

Flores 2-ni ; in Spic& fascicu- ; ftowcrs 2 together; in a ter-

lum simulante, terminali. Brae- minal Spikelike abundle. A Brao
tea 1 ad singula paria, caduc»; - te to eajch pair, caducous; no

gemmaoeisinfranullis. Petalase- gemm;aceous ones. Petals I*

cunda, a pericarpio intus barbata, ranked, bearded within from the

limbo cohsrentia. Nectarium 1, pericarpium,coheringatthelimb«
lunatum. Pericarpium legumini- . Nectarium crescent-shaped. Pe-

forme, 1-loculare, 2-valve, persis- ricarpium like a Pod, 1-locular,

tensl Stigma peltatum dorso cau- 2-valved, persistent Stigma pel-

dato. Semina 2, apice alata late- tated, its back tailed. Seeds 2,

ribus involutis. Frutices: /oliis winged at the top, sides rolled.

^implicibusj lath. in. Shrubs :. leaves simple, brpasL

•

The name is derived from o-rvXoo- agoo- ; the style terminating

in a tail behind the stigma.

» • . . . • ,

. 1. S. foliis 3-5 lineas longb^ oyali-lanceolatis, margine valde Buxifolia,
revolutis : floribus foliis multo altioribus.

• • • ■ • - . ' \ ... ^ . . . * ,

. Embothrium buxifolium. K^nn. in Bot, Rep. n^^lS. cum Ic. £m«
hothxium geni^thum. Cav. Jc. v. 4. p. 60..J. 3.87* Embothrium
buxifolium. Smit^ New. HoU. p. 29- *• 10. fiox-leaved Stylurui.

116

ON THE CULTIVATION OF

[Lytmthe.

A rtry ornamental shrub, growing wild near Part Jackson to
the height of 6 or 7 fttt. If a little care U taken to impregnate
the stigma, and expose the plant to the tuU sun,. it will ripen
plenty of fruit here, and it may be increased from cuttings. The
fiowers exhale a slight aromatic odour. Leaves 3 to i lines long,
oYal-lanceolate, exceedingly rolled back at the margin, flowers
mueh higher than tiie leaves.

S. S. IbUis^-S lineas longis, eHiptico-lanoeolatis, Qiargine panun
revolutis : floribus foliis parum altioribus.

Hill Srylurus.

This species, which grows wild on the hills near Port Jackson^
flowered at Clapham in 1805, but though the foliage is bolder
and handsomer than that of *the preceding, the flowers are less and
not ao conspicuous. It grows readily from cuttings. Leaves 6
to .8 lines kNOtg, elliptic-lapQeoIate, not much rolled back at t|ie
margin. Flowers not projectiiig much beyond the l^av^s.

Ltsai^the. Salisi.

Flores fl-ni; in Spic4 brevi,
nunc densissimfft, sec^nd4, tenni-
nalt. Bractea 1 aid singula paria,
oinAu^ss; gcMfttiaceis infra nullis.
Petala secunda ad perictrpium
intiis barbata, inde libera. Nee-
tarium 1, lunatum. Pericarpium
foHiforme, 1-loculare, 2-valve,
petsistens. Stigma peltattnn. Se-
mina ut in Styluro. Fruticcs : fih
fas nmpimhm angMtmmii ta^
iitffe, nunt 9-nerribu£.

\ Flowers fi toget^r ; ma^hoit
l^^anked, terminaUpike. A Brae*-
te to each pair, caducous; no
gemmaceous ones. Petals 1-
ranked,.bearded about the peri-
carpium, from thence separate.
Nectarium crescent-shaped. Pe-
ricarpium like a bag, l-locuIar,2-
valued, persistent. Stigma pel-
tatcd. Seeds as in Stylurus^
Skfuis: leaves timjHe^ very nar*
rciw vr broadf in tome 3-nerved.

I^MMffe.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTB&f. ^ ] IT

The name is derived from two Greek words, XtMo euA^; the
petals being deeply separated*

• Folia l-nervia. Spica Z-l -flora. Pericarpium sessile.

1. L. foliis 4-6 lineas latis, 6-9 longis, suborbiculatis, subtus to- Podalyriafi
mentosis : stylo petalis parum longiore, dorsb tomentoso. ''^*

Podalyria-leaved Lysanthe.

A rare species yet in this country, for seeds of which I am in-
debted to Sir Thomas Gage, Bart. It grows wild at Port Jack^
son. Leaves 4 to 6 lines broad, 6 to 9 long, nearly orbicular, cotr
toiiy underneath. Style not much longer than the petals^ its back
cottony.

^. li. foliis lf-2 lineas latis, 7-11 longis, lanceolatis, subtus hir- Stylosa.
sutis ; stylo longissimo, valde compressor dorso hirsuto.

Long-styled Lysantfae.

This species also grows wild near Port Jackson^ from whence
I have lately received seeds, and it is now flowering at Kew^
Leaves 1^ to 2 lines broad, 7 to t1 long, lanceolate, hairy under-
neath. Style very long and comprest, hairy behind.

3. L foliis S-S^ lineas latis, 9-12 longis, lanceolatis, utrinque Cana.
pubescentibus : stylo longissimop tereti, undique pubescente.

Gray Lysanthe.

Introduced at Clapham before I went there, and supposed to
be a Sophora^ till it flowered in 1804. It grows wild near Port
Jackson. Leaves 2 to 2|- lines broad, 9 to 12 long, lanceolate
both surfaces, pubescent^ Style very iong, ronnd, pubescent on
every side.

ua ON THE CULTIVATION OF ll^^Mmti^

a *

•«

Folia i-neroiOj Spica \0-SO-Jlora. Pericarpium stipitatam.

Speciosa. 4. L. foliis 3-4^ lineas latis, 9-12 longis, ovali-lanceolatis : bar-
bi petalorum ultra pericarpium densissinii.

Showy Lysanthe.

One of the most ornamental species with crimson flowers, dis-
covered near Port Jackson by Colonel Paterson, but the speci-
men here described was communicated by Edward Rudge, Esq.
Leaves 3 to 4^^ lines broad, 9 to 12 long, oval-lanceolate. Beard
qf the petals very thick beyond the pericarpium.

i
Sericea, 5. L. foliis 24-4 lineas latis, 7-10 longis, parum obovato-lanceo-

latis ; barb& petalorum ad pericarpium desinente.

Embothrium sericeum. Smith New HoU. p. 25. t. 9. Silky Ly
santhe. . .

The leaves of this shrub, which I have never yet seen in our
collections, are not really 3-nate, as described by Dr. J. E.
Smith, though they often appear so; two of them being inserted
within the other upon a rudiment of a distinct branch. It grows
wild near Port Jackson. Leaves 2f to 4 lines broad, 7 to IQlong,
somewhat obovate-lanceolate. Beard of the petals ending at the
pericjirpium.

Riparia; 6. L. foliis 4.-I lineam latis, 24-4 poUices longis, lincari-lanceo-
latis, subtus sericeis : barb^ petalorum ultra pericarpium rar&.
River-side Lysanthe. .

Confounded with the following, but very distinct, and more
liable to damp off in winter, so that it is now scarce, though ma-
ny ' plants were raiis^d by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, in 1791.
It grows wild near Port Jackson^ and may be propagated by cut-
tings as well as seeds, which ripened abundantly at Clapham in
1 807- Leaves 4- to one line broad, 2t to 4 inches long : from be-
ing so narrow, their lateral nerves running aloi\g the seduplica-'

LysanOcl THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTBES. 119

turemay be easily overlooked, but are very evident iii living spe-
cimens. Beard of the petals exceedingly thin beyond the peri-
carpi um.

«**

Folia l-nervia. Sfrica \0-50-fiora. Pericarpium stipitatum. .

7. L. foliis l|-2 lineas latis, If-S polHccs longis, lineari-lance- Linariafolia,
olatis : barb& petalorum ultra pericarpium rar&.

Embothrium linearefolium. Cav. Ic. v. 4. p. 59* t. 386. y. 1.

Embothrium lineare. Kenn. in Bot. Rep. n. 272. cum 2c. Linaria-

* ■ * •

feaved Lysanthe;

Yariat a : Petala pallidissime purpurea.
3 : Petala purpurea.

The leaves of this species are never linear, but not unlike thoifk
of many LinariaSj a genus very judiciously restored by Des Fon-
taines: they arc 1^ to 2 lines broad,^^ to 3 inches long, linear?
lanceolate. Beard of the petals thin beyond the pericarpium*
Both varieties grow wild near Port Jackson^ and ripen seeds here.

•

8. L. foRis 2-3 lineas latis, 9-12 longis, anguste lanceolatis: Cytisifolia.
barb^ petalorum ad pericarpium desinente: tori margine valde
prominente.

Embothrium sericeum. Sims inBot. Mag. w. 862: Cum Tc. folio-
rum margine nimis revoluto. Embothrium sericeum. Kenn. in
Bot. Rep. n. 100. Cum Ic. Embothrium cytisoides. Cav. Ic. v. 4.
p. 60. t. 386. f. 2. Cytisus-leaved Lysanthe.

I should riot have- ventured to quote the figure in the Botanical
Magazine, if I had not seen the very plant at /TflrcArwey, from
which the drawing was made: for the Icavea are never so much,
rolled back as there represented. Mr. Andrews' figure is quite
correct in this respect, though not in others. Leaves 2 to 3 lines
broad, 9 to 12 long, narrowly lanceolate. Beard of the petah
ending at the pericarpium. Margin of the receptacle very promr-

IW ON THE CULTIVATION OF [CreviUia.

neat. All the species of this genus are very desirable plants for
our collections, being almost constantly in flower. In winter how**
ever, they require a very favourable exposure, and to stand sin*
gly. Sandy loam mixed with very decayed leaves and plenty of
broken potsherds, is the pro^rest compost for them.

Grevillia. R. Br.

Flores 2-ni ; in Spici long^, Flowers 2 togetlier ; in a long,

nunc densissim^ terminali. Brae* sometimes very close terminal

tea 1 ad singula paria, caducce ; spike. A Bracte to each pair, ca-

gemmaceis infra nullis. Pe^la ducous; no gemmaceous ones

secunda absque barb^ intuSf su- below. Petals 1 -ranked, not

perne libera. Nectarium l^luna- b^^rded within, separate above,

turn, nuuc erosum. Pericarpimv the pericarpium. Nectarium cres-

legumimforme, 1-locular^ 8^ cent-shaped. Pericarpium like a

valve,persistens.Stigmavarium. pod, 1-locular, 2-valved, persist

Semioa S, undique akta. .Ff*«- tent Seeds 2, winged all roimd.

^xcu : foliii simpiicibus decompor Shrubs : leaves simple or com^

sitisque longis. pounds long.

A noble genus, named in honour of the late Rt Hon. Cbarlzs
Grxville.

Aspkniifolia ; 1. G, folii 9-15 poUtces longis, lineari-lanceolatis, integerri-

mis rareque dentatis : spicis simplictbus : stigmate peltato.

Asplenium^leaved Grevillia.

Many plants of this species were raised S years z%o by Mr.
CoLViLLE, who received the seeds from Port Jackson^ but they
were all lost in winter by too hardy treatment Leaves 9 to
)5 inches long, linear-lanceolate, q;uite entire or thiidy dentated.
Spikes simple. Stigma peltated.

IVicmM^.] THE NATDRAL ORDER OF PROTEST. |«l

2. G. folits I -If pedem longis, pinnatifidis; laciniis linearibuSi Pteridifolia;
longissimiff : stigmate latissime coiiico.

Plcris-leavcd Grevillia.

This species was discovered by Sir Josxph Bakks, near Endea-
v&ur Rher^ and has never been in our gardens* Leaves 1 to 1^ foot
long, pinnatifid with linear segments. Spikeft very long. Stigma
very broadly conical.

3. G. foliis 5-8 pollices longis, sublinearibus^ nervis parallelis : Parallela/
spicis densissimis, ramosis : stigmate subpeltato.

Parallel-nerved Grevillia.

From Endeavour River, where it was discovered by Sir Joseph
Banks. Leaves 5 to 8 inches long, almost linear with parallel
nerves. Spikes very close, branching. Stigma lomewhat pel*
tated.

4. G. foliis 3-5 poUices longis, hpceolatii nervia divergenti« GUmca.
'bus: stigmate couico.

.Glaucous Grevillia.

The leaves of this species are very different from any of the for-
mer, resembling more those of the entire-leaved Banksias : they
are 3 to 5 inches long, lanceolate with diverging nerves. Stigma
conical. It was likewise discovered near Endeavour River, by
Sir Joseph Banks.

TiticoNDTLva. SaiUb.

Tlores IS-ni ; Spied terminal! Flowers 2 together; in ter«
axillaribusve. Bractea 1 ad sin- OMnal or axillary spikes. A Bnu>
gulaparia, caduCss; gemmaceia te to each pair, caducous; no

ft

i

IM ' ON THE CULTiVATlOM OF [IWcwrfjht,

infia nulUs. Pctala secunda, li- gemmaceous ones b«low. Petals
benu Nectaria 3» condyliformia. l-nuiked, separate. Nectaries 3,

Pericarp! um 1-loculare, foUifor- knuckle-shaped. Pericarpiiim I-
me, fl-valve, persistcns. Stigma locular, like a bag, a-valved, per-
peltatum. Semina numerosa, a- sistent. Stigma peltated. Seeds
picealata. Frutices : foliii stepi- numerous, winged at top. ^AriiAf.*
us decompositis. leaves generally subdivided.

The name is derived from two Greek words r^sio- jpAa^tus-; the
nectaries resembling 3 knuckles.

My ricdtf alius; 1. T. foliis omnibus integris, lineari-lanceolatis^ denticulatis :

spicis axillaribus : pericarpio tumido.

6ale*leaved Tricondylus.

This species grows wild near Port JacksoUj from whence I have
repeatedly received seeds, but they have never succeeded: they
are covered with a powder which has a metallic appearance*
Leaves all entire^ linear-Unceolat^ denticillated. Spikes axillary*
Pericarpium tumid.

Thictarius, SL T. foliis integris, pinnatifidis, 8-pinnatifidisque : spied termi-

nali axillaribusque : pericarpio compresso.

Embothrium tinctorium. LabilL Nao. HolL v. I. p.S9i t. 4S, 43.
Dyers' Tricondylus.

From Van Diemens Island, where our countryman Mr. David
Nelson long ago discovered it. The seeds are covered with a
powder as in the preceding species, which dyes a rose colour.
Leaves entire, pinnatifid, and 2-pinnatifid. Spikes terminal and
axillary, from Labillardiere^s figure sometimes only axillary.
Pericarpium comprest.

Silaifolius; S« T. foliis plerisque 3-pinnatifidis : spici terminali rariusqoe

axillaribus : pericarpio compresso.

C^Me.]

THE NATURAL ORDER OF. PROTESS.

{MS

Embothrinm herbaceum. Cav. Jc. v. A» p. 5S. L SAA. Embdth-
rium silaifolium. Smith New Hall. p. US. t.S. Silans-leaved Tr>-
condylus.

Introduced here among the first plants, which came from Port
Jackson. It does not flower very often with us, but somiethnes
ripens fruit, and may be increased by dividing the roots, as well ^
cuttings. Leaves mostly S-pinnatifid: Spike terminal, and some-
times in luxuriant plants, a few axillary ones below. Pericarpium
comprest.

V

4. T. foliis S-pinnatifidis, laciniis amplis tomentosis : spicis bre- Ferrugineus,
vibus, terminalibus : pericarpio tumido.

Embothrium ferrugineum. Cav. Ic. r. ^. p. 59* t. 385. Rusty
Tricondylus.

A shrub 10 or 12 feet high, growing wild in San Carlos de Chi^
lo€t in places often washed by the tide, and flowers there in Feb^
ruary. Leaves 2-pinnatifid, divisions broad and cottony. Spikes
short, terminal. Pericarpium tumid.

- 'j;

m-

CrhELE.Salisb.

Flores 2-ni ; 6-8 in Umbellis
axillaribus. Bractea 1 ad singula
paria, deciduae ; gemmaceis prae-
terea nullis. Petala secunda, li-
bera. Nectarium 1, lunatum.
Pericarpium leguminiforme, 1-
loculare, 2-valve, persistens.
Semina 5-6, apice alata. Frutcx
glaucus : foliis Loranthi, simpii-
cibm, obtusis.

* .

Flowers 2 together; 6-8 in ax-
illary Umbels. A Bracte to each
pair, deciduous ; no gemmaceous
ones. Petals 1 -ranked, separate.
Nectarium 1, crescent shaped.
Pericarpium like a pod, 1-locu-
lare, 2-valved, persistent Seeds
5-6, winged at the top. A glau-
cous shrub : leaves of hoTdnHms,
obtuse.

M4 ON THE CULTIVATION OF iRgmandra.

The poetic name of Cybele is given to this genus, from the top
of each flower, before it expands, resembling a Corona muralis.

UmhtUifera. j, C. foliis spatulatis, Issvibus cum rore.

Embothrium umbellatum. Forst. Prodr. n. 60. Embothriura
nmbellatum. Forst. Gen. p. \6. t. S.f. a.

This shrub grows wild in New Caledonia^ where it was disco-
vered by FoRSTER ; so there is but little probability of our seeing
it living in this country. Leaves spatulated, smooth with a fine
dew.

Rymandra. Salisb.

Flores S-ni ; in sptcis ad basin Flowers 4 together ; in axil*

famonim itxillaribns, foliis ibi lary Spikes at the base of the

sepe delapsis. Bractea 1 ad sin- branches, the leaf under often

gula paria, caducse ; gemmaceis fallen off. A Bracte to each pair,

nullis. Petala regularia, revJhi- caducous. Petals regular, revo-

ta, libera Nectaria4, obtuse cu* lute, separate. Nectaries 4, ob*

neata. Pericarpium 1-loculare, tusely wedge-shaped. Pericar-^

folliforme, 8-valve, pf rsistens, pium 1-locular, like a Bag, S-

Stigma clavatum rim4 terminali. valved, persistent Stigma club-

Semina4-5i apice alata. Arbor shapedwith a terminal nick.Seeds

escelsa : foliis lanceolatis^ obtuse 4-5, winged at the top. A tall

dent at is. Tree : leaves lanceolate^ dentated.

The name is derived from ^^00* and ajf^i^; the anthers resemb*
ling a long beak.

EMelsa.' !• ^ c^^l^ 80-pedali

Tall Rymandnu
This noble tree was discovered in New Zealand^ by Sir Josefb

Embotkrium,^ THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. lU

Banks, and a parcel of its seeds arrived in the vessel, which
brought the Chief of that Island^s ^on to this country, some of
which sprouted freely, but soon died« and upon examining them,
the radicle was mouldy. lu future therefore, it would be advise-
able to pack some in wax, and others in jars closely filled with
powder sugar; by this last method I have preserved Ash^Keys,
wliich the seeds of this tree resemble, quite fresh for S years.

Embothuium. Forst.

Flores 2-ni ; in Spied densi ter- Flowers S together ; in a close
miuali. Bractea 1 ad singula pa- terminal Spike. A Bracte to each
ria, decidus; gemmaceis nuliis. pair, deciduous; no gemniaceous
Petala secunda, sapra basin bre- ones. Petals ) -ranked, cohering
Titer cohserentia. hiectarium ], a little way above the base,
lunatum. Castera ut in Ryman- Nectarium 1, crescent-shaped.
drd^ temiiubus tantum pluribus. Other parts as in Rymandrd^
7*9* ^tf /ejr;/o/ii> Khododendri, but more seeds, 7^9. A shrub:
timpiicibuSf fnndohis : stipulis leaves of Rhoclodendrum,yr{>ii-
multis gcmmaceis subjectis. dose : stipules manif^ gemmaceous.

The name is derived from ty and ficApm ; the anthers being in-
serted in the hollow limb of the petals.

1. £. foliis ellipticis, integerrimis. Cocdneum.

E. coccineum. Cav. Ic. v. \. p. 47. /. 6S. E. coccineum. Linn.
Suppl. p. las. E. coccineum. Fort. Gen. p. 16. //s./. 9. Scar-
let Embothrium.

This beautiful shriib grows wildin Terra del Fuego^ and if evet
it is introduced here, may no doubt soon be naturalized. Cava*
viLLEs' figure, above quoted, is very inaccurate. Leaves elliptic,
quite entire.

\

\

!«(> • ON THE CULTIVATION OF [Hylogynti

HyLOGTNE. Salisb.

Flores 2 ni ; in Spici densissi- Flowers S together, in a close

mk terminali. Bractea 1 ad sin- terminal Spike. A Bracte to each

gula paria, decidual; gemmaceis pair, deciduous ; larger gemma-

majoribus subjectis. Petala se- ceous ones below. Petals 1 -rank-

cunda, usque ad limbum praster ed, cohering up to the limb, ex*

fissuram anticam cohaerentia. cept a front fissure. Nectarium

Nectarium 1, lunatum. Pericar- 1, crescent-shaped. Pericarpium

pium etSeminautin£m6oMri(?. and Seeds as in Embothrium.

Stigma clavatum rim^ laterali. Stigmaclub-shapedyUick lateral.

Frutices : ramis paucis erectis : Shrubs : branches erect : leaves

foliis simplicibus integerrimis simple^ quite entire and dentat*

dentatisque. ed.

The name is derived from uXt} and yxm^ ; the whole pistillum
becoming woody.

Speciasa. 1. H. foliis omnibus sinuato-dentatis: seminum ali rotundatiL

Embothrium speciosissimum. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 1128. cum
Ic. Embothrium Speciosum. Salisb. Par. Lond. fi. 111. cum Ic.
Embothrium spatula turn. Cav. Ic. v. 4. p. 58. t. 384* Embothrium
speciosissimum. Smith Nov. Hill. p. 1 9. t. 7- Showy Hylogy ne.

A handsome shrub, growing wild in the vicinity of Port Jackson^'
to the height of 9 or 10 feet, which flowered and ripened seeds
for the first time in Europe, at Springwell, the late villa of E. J.
A. Woodford, Esq. It is not easily propagated except by seeds,
which should be sown soon after tfaey are ripe, for it seldom sends
out any branches till it flowers, and then only 2 or 3 immediately
under the spike. If these are taken off however before the wood
is too hard, they will probably strike roots. The name now given
to this genus is particularly appropriate, for not only the pericar^
pium and style but even the stigma is converted into such hard
1

flytogyne.] THE NATURAL ORDER OF PROTEEiE. l«T

wood, that it requires a sharp knife to cut it. Leaves all sinuate-
dentated. Wing of the seed roimded.

2. H. foliis integerrimis sinuato-dentatisque : seminum alA Australia.

truncate

Embothrium truncatum. LabilL Nov. Hill. v. 1. p. 32. /. 44.

Southern Hylogyne.

This species was discovered by Labillardierb at the most
southern part of Van Diemens Island, and may therefore probably
live here in the open air, whenever it is introduced. Leaves quite
entire and sinuate-dentated. Wing of the seed truncated.

Addenda. '

P. 29. sub Proted, post ** Pericarpium barbatum mscre.

I' ' * .

P. caule rigido : foliis 2-2 j lineas latis; 8-14 longis, spatulato- Squarrosa.
lanceolatis, obtusis, scabris, crassis : petalis apice nudis.

Mas. P. stellaris. Sims in Bot. Mag. n. 881. cum Ic. Squarrose
Protea.

This species has been introduced several years, but I had never
seen it in flower, till very lately in the collection of Isaac
SwAiNsoN, Esq. at Twickenham^ who has great numbers both of
male and female plants. How it came by the very inappropriate
name of Stellaris, which Dr. Sims has continued, I have not a
guess. Stem rigid. Leaves gray, thicker and rougher than in
any species known to me, those near the flowers not much
larger as in all trtie Proteus, 2 to 2t lines broad, 8 to 14 long,
spatulate-lanceolate, obtuse, petals naked at the top. It grows a»
easily as aPTillow by cuttings, thriving in almost any soil.

INDEX GENERCU.

Adcimtha . - - ■ 96

Aulu 14

Bankiii Ill

Ikabeiuin
Chaitne - -
Conospermuin
Cybclc - -
Diutclla -
Embothrium
Erodendruni
Euplasia
Euryspermum
Gissonia • -
Grevillia - -
Hakea - -
Hylogyne -
laopogon

- 97
• - 1«

- 94
' - l!3

- 61

- ISJ
. . 34

- 101
■ - 18

- 38
- 180

- 105

- 12s

- 93
Josephia .-.'.- 110

Lambertia • -
LeucadcDdfum -
Lysanthe - •
Uimelei - -
Panopsis • -
Parooomus - -

- 109

- Si

- lis

- 64

- 104

- 67
Pcnoonia ----- 9s

Petrophik 9*

Pleuranthe ----- 49

Pioiu 15

Ropala 101

Rymandra ----- 114

Serruria ------ 71

Soranthe ------ 71

SpauUa 7»

Stylunu IIS

Tricondylus - . - - - ISl

Xyfomeluni ----- I0£